L'Africa e il post colonialismo nello specifico Franz Fanon

History of Africa

Geography

Saharian Africa

Sub-Saharian Africa

• West Africa (Africa Occidentale)
• Central Africa (Africa Centrale)
• East Africa (Africa Orientale)
• South Africa (Africa del Sud/Meridionale)

History

1) Pre-Colonial Age (origins-1884)

There were various empires and societies and it was the age of explorations. The Portuguese from the 15th century started mapping the coasts. Start of the slave trade:

• The Atlantic route
• The Trans-Saharian route
• The Red Sea route
• The Swahili coast route

Pre-Colonial Age Economy

• Hunting-gathering
• Pastoral nomadism
• Agro-pastoralism
• Subsistence-oriented trade
• Market-oriented trade

Belgian Congo

King Leopold II of Belgium reigned as the King of the Belgians from 1865 to 1909 and became known for the founding and exploitation of the Congo Free State as a private venture. Leopold extracted a fortune from the Congo, initially by the collection of ivory, and after a rise in the price of rubber in the 1890s, by forced labour from the native population to harvest and process rubber. Under his regime, more than 10 million of the Congolese people died and were abused (Genocide). Mass mutilation.

2) Colonial Age (1884-1951)

The Berlin Conference of 1884–85, also known as the Congo Conference (German: Kongokonferenz) or West Africa Conference (Westafrika-Konferenz), regulated European colonization and trade in Africa during the New Imperialism period and coincided with Germany's sudden emergence as an imperial power. The conference was organized by Otto von Bismarck, first Chancellor of Germany; its outcome, the General Act of the Berlin Conference, can be seen as the formalization of the Scramble for Africa. The conference ushered in a period of heightened colonial activity by European powers, which eliminated or overrode most existing forms of African autonomy and self-governance. Africa was the target of the third wave of European colonialism, after that of the Americas and Asia. Many European statesmen and industrialists wanted to accelerate the Scramble for Africa, securing colonies before they strictly needed them. As a champion of Realpolitik, Bismarck disliked colonies and thought they were a waste of time, but his hand was forced by pressure from both the elites and the general population which considered the colonization a necessity for German prestige. German colonies in Togoland, Samoa, South-West Africa and New Guinea had corporate commercial roots, while the equivalent German-dominated areas in East Africa and China owed more to political motives. The British also took an interest in Africa, using the...

3) Postcolonial Age (1951-today)