Domande esame Technical assessment

Environmental Labelling and Technical Evaluation

If voluntary, internationally the ISO 14020 standard (Environmental Labelling) have been developed which set the guidelines for voluntary environmental labels and declarations, defining three types: TYPE I based on the minimum requirements (European Ecolabel), TYPE II based on the principle of 'Environmental claims, TYPE III based on LCA procedures.

Areas and activities of the technical evaluation:

• Real estate transactions
• Sales of business units
• Outsourcing of operation and maintenance services
• Enhancement of heritage
• Public communications
• Reorganization of management and maintenance activities
• Risk management

Any activity that is made on real estate assets requires a technical evaluation. The activities include: real property census, due diligence, property technical file, audit, technical diagnosis, technical investigations.

What is the maintenance global service?

Homeowners are increasingly using the

outsourcing formula. Outsourcing is the transfer, on the basis of contracts, the production of services and instrumental activities.

Global real estate maintenance service is the property maintenance system with full responsibility by assumptor on the results in terms of achievement and/or maintenance of predetermined performance levels by the client. A portion of the payment to the supplier is fixed, a part variable in function of the results obtained.

In the preliminary stage of setting the client performs an analysis to assess the technical and managerial needs in relation to their property and to the strategies it intends to take. The results of this phase are collected in a preliminary address document, in order to support the next phase of offer request.

17) How is the maintenance global service? What are the prerequisites?

According to UNI 11136 the client performs an analysis to assess the technical and managerial needs in relation to their property and to the strategies it intends to take.

The results of this phase are collected in a preliminary address document, in order to proceed with the bid and setting the service project. The preliminary address document reports the analysis that led the customer to the choice of maintenance global service: analysis of the characteristics of the assets, analysis of the costs and results of previous contracts, analysis of the internal organizational structure, census of necessary resources.

The prerequisites for setting the maintenance global service are: qualitative and quantitative knowledge of the real estate assets, definition of the physical state, maintenance and performance of the building, definition of the levels of availability of the main environmental and technological components. There are 3 types of analysis and evaluation: technical (how is the building), functional (which functions are performed), organizational (what resources I need).

18) List the major classification systems built.

UNI 8290: technological system.

Classification and terminology

This standard does not take into account the processes, but only the parts of the building. The decomposition, which occurs for macro-families, is a limit. Also thermal units are not distinguished in hot/cold.

Uniformat II

Is the most widely used classification system in the world. It is a classification of construction elements and site based on functions. High gradual deepening. This system improves reporting at each stage of building life. However, it is weak because it does not break down the "objectivity" of the building.

OmniClass

Series of tables that describe the built environment and processes. Based on ISO 12006-2, used by designers and builders to decompose services into components for the construction process and cost estimates. The importance of this management tool lies in its ability to identify systems within a structure.

Overall Construction Classification System (OCCS) Cl/SfB

A Swedish classification

system.

• UNI 11337: Construction and civil engineering - Criteria coding works and construction products, activities and resources.
• Definition of requirement, supplies of construction works, environmental unit, environmental requirement and serviceability.

A requirement is what is required of necessity for the correct performance of an activity of the user or a technological function (UNI 10838). The supplies of construction works is the behavior of a building structure or its parts in the operating conditions and stress. It may be: technological or environmental. Environmental unit is the grouping of the user activity derived from a particular intended use of the building organism, temporally and spatially compatible with each other. The environmental requirement is the translation of a requirement in the physical-environmental factors and in demands for technological services, acts to identify the conditions of satisfaction on the part of an

1. The serviceability is the ability of a building to implement the functions for which it is designed and used.
2. Define what are the assets, facility, requirement, output specification. Explain the difference between brownfield project and greenfield project.
1. According to the ISO 55000, an asset is the potential or actual value for an organization. It refers to any property owned by a company that can be monetized and used for the payment of debts.
2. A facility is a physical structure used to serve a specific purpose. It can refer to part of a building, an entire building, or multiple buildings that serve a specific function. It includes both the physical object and its use.
3. A requirement is something necessary for the correct performance of an activity or technological function (UNI 10838).
4. The output specification indicates, in terms of output, what should be obtained from a system or process.

The structures and services that are provided. The output specification precises such requirements has to meet, and not in which way. The output specification should reflect the user's needs, to be clear, brief and must ensure the tenderers the information needed to decide on the services and the costs to offer.

The greenfield project is when the ground is free, no pre-existence that may affect the project. The brownfield project is when the land is occupied, there is a pre-existence. It is required remediation, highly expensive. It is recommended to entrust remediation and new construction to a single company.

21) The balance between risk and inspection. The degree of inspection depth is inversely proportional to the level of risk that you can expect. The balance between risk and inspection, can be based on:

• The possible inspection level (I*), with a limit that can result from various factors (time or conducting business).
• The acceptable inspection level (R*), can be

Il processo di gestione del rischio si divide in 4 fasi: 1. Identificazione del rischio: processo di ricerca, riconoscimento e descrizione dei rischi. Questo implica l'individuazione delle fonti di rischio, delle loro cause e delle loro potenziali conseguenze. Per identificare i rischi si possono utilizzare: brainstorming, ispezioni fisiche, checklist, diagrammi di flusso, analisi HAZOP, ... 2. Analisi del rischio: processo in cui si determina la natura del rischio precedentemente identificato e il livello di rischio, come combinazione della gravità dell'evento e della probabilità che si verifichi. 3. Valutazione del rischio: aspetti tecniciand hazard identification are compared with the comparison criteria (Risk Criteria, ISO 73) that the organization has set. The comparison criteria enable organizations to relate risk with its acceptability or tolerability defined by the same criteria. 4. Risk treatment: process to modify the risk. The risk can be considered: tolerable (it uses the concept of reasonableness), intolerable (treatment of risk is absolutely necessary), negligible (it is not important take into consideration the treatment of risk). 23) Describe the main phases of the transaction. 1. Preliminary activities of the seller: the seller identifies the property and collects information and data, including also the accompanying documentation of the buildings. Then he defines a sale price, the advertising conditions of its offer, the conditions of selection of potential bidders. 2. Preliminary buyer activity: the buyer after choosing to purchase real estate, develops the preliminary analysis of the feasibility from an

1. Economic-financial point of view and taking account of the development strategies and management.
2. Preparation of the preliminary contract: the parties write a preliminary agreement defining clauses, terms and conditions.
3. Due diligence activities: the buyer chooses the due diligence team and defines the purpose in relation to development strategies. The final survey report identifies the property physical deficiencies and quantifies the costs of restoration. Based on the information the buyer defines the terms and the selling price.
4. Preparation of the final contract: agreement between the parties following the due diligence.
5. Signing of contract
6. Subsequent activities for signing the contract: transfer of property and obligations, management during the period established under contract, ...

24) What is the declaration of conformity?

The declaration of conformity applies to all systems of buildings of any destination of use, as regulated by Decree No. 37 of 2008. At the end of the work,

The installer company delivers to the customer the declaration of conformity in which is also present the design and materials used. The statement must be submitted within 30 days from the installation of the plant. If not provided, the service will be suspended. The authorities, after receiving the declaration of conformity, shall deliver the certificate of viability. The owners retain the administrative and technical documentation, instructions for use and maintenance.

25) What are the most important aspects to be assessed for fire safety?

A fire is the rapid oxidation of combustible material with development of smoke and heat. To develop, there must be 3 components: combustible material, oxidizing substance, and priming. To reduce the probability of fire propagation, it is necessary to reduce the risk of starting or the amount of combustible material, contain the fire within confined areas, evacuate people occupying the spaces, and ensure the safety of rescue teams.

You can accomplish this by: management

of material and equipment, the fire load control, partitioning of buildings