Concetti Chiave
- Henry VII Tudor was the first king of the Tudor dynasty, ending the Wars of the Roses by marrying Elizabeth of York.
- He diminished the power of the nobles and strengthened the middle classes, reshaping England's social structure.
- His reign marked the creation of a new powerful fleet and coincided with the era of great geographical explorations.
- Henry VII supported John and Sebastian Cabot's expeditions to North America, laying groundwork for future explorations.
- He strengthened the Tudor monarchy's influence in Europe through strategic marriages, aiming to secure alliances.
Indice
Henry VII Tudor - an overview of his kingdom
Henry VII Tudor (1457-1509) was the first king of Tudor dynasty.Since he married Elizabeth of York, he reconciled the two houses of Lancaster and York and put an end to the War of the Roses which had been fought from 1455 to 1485 and caused the extinction of both house’s male heirs.
During his reign he created a new power and balance in England.
He diminished the power of the nobles, because they were very powerful and rich, and gave more power to the middle classes.He also created a new powerful fleet. His reign also coincided with the period of great geographical explorations. In 1492 Columbus, while looking forward a westward route to Asia, discovered a new land, which was later named America after Amerigo Vespucci who was the first to realize that it was actually a new continent.
Henry VII promoted the expeditions of John and Sebastian Cabot to North America. These exploratory voyages did not finish with Henry VII, but also continued during the reign of queen Elizabeth I.
During his reign Parliament was not an essential part of English political system, in fact he did not often summon it.
He made Tudor monarchy strong and feared; he tried to increase its standing in Europe by marrying his eldest son Arthur to Catherine of Aragon, the daughter of the king of Spain, and his daughter Margaret to James IV of Scotland.
This union was to lead, after the death of Elizabeth, to a Scottish king on the throne of England.
Henry VII and the Ireland
During the War of the Roses, Ireland rooted for the York family and the King did not want to punish Irish population for that, considering also their internal organisation: The Pale (the area around Dublin) was strictly administrated by the English Crown while the other areas were at the mercy of different and independent clan from which emerged the Bulter and the Geraldine.Henry VII awarded himself the title of Lordship of Ireland and proclaimed some lieutenants.
After the Warbeck revolt against between 1490 and 1497, in which was involved Margaret of York, the king’s sister, the Ireland, James IV of Scotland and France, decided to impose a centralized administration of the island.
The 1st December 1494 the Poynings’ Law was approved and an Irish parliament was establish but the prohibitive costs for its maintenance made the king return to the previous way of government.
Ireland will be annexed to England in 1541 with Henry VIII.
Cultural environment under Henry VII
Henry VII laid the foundations for the English Humanism and Renaissance while he was giving value to the Medieval legacy, still intact.As a matter of fact lots of different intellectuals were in contact with each other: John Colet, Alexander Barclay, John Skelton, William Grocyn and Thomas Linacre.
Henry VII’s aim was to restore the magnificence of Tudor’s dynasty so he promoted only practical cultural initiatives like the Henry VII chapel in the East part of Westminster Abbey, a place where it was allowed to honor Henry VI's obsequies and it will become the tomb of all the following kings of England until Oliver Cromwell.
He also celebrated the Lancaster family, militarized the Tudor’s dynasty and entrusted Polydore Virgile to write the Three Books of Polydore Vergil's English History to create a terrible portrait of Edward IV and Richard III.
Domande da interrogazione
- ¿Cómo logró Enrique VII Tudor reconciliar las casas de Lancaster y York?
- ¿Qué medidas tomó Enrique VII para fortalecer la monarquía Tudor?
- ¿Cuál fue la relación de Enrique VII con Irlanda durante su reinado?
- ¿Qué impacto tuvo Enrique VII en el ámbito cultural de Inglaterra?
- ¿Cómo intentó Enrique VII aumentar el prestigio de la monarquía inglesa en Europa?
Enrique VII Tudor se casó con Isabel de York, lo que permitió la reconciliación de las casas de Lancaster y York, poniendo fin a la Guerra de las Rosas.
Enrique VII disminuyó el poder de los nobles, fortaleció a las clases medias, creó una poderosa flota y promovió expediciones de exploración.
Enrique VII se autoproclamó Señor de Irlanda, estableció una administración centralizada tras la revuelta de Warbeck, pero finalmente regresó al sistema de gobierno anterior debido a los altos costos.
Enrique VII sentó las bases para el Humanismo y el Renacimiento inglés, promoviendo iniciativas culturales prácticas y celebrando la dinastía Tudor.
Enrique VII buscó aumentar el prestigio de la monarquía casando a su hijo mayor, Arturo, con Catalina de Aragón y a su hija Margarita con Jacobo IV de Escocia.
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