Concetti Chiave
- The first industrial revolution began in England between 1770 and 1870, transforming agriculture into industry and turning farmers into workers.
- Key factors for the revolution included free movement of goods, an efficient transport network, and a surplus of capital for investment.
- England's abundance of raw materials, such as coal and iron, along with significant technical and scientific discoveries, fueled industrial growth.
- The industrial revolution expanded to other countries like Belgium, France, Germany, and the United States, each developing unique industrial models.
- The revolution consisted of two phases: initial textile production expansion and later, railway development and steel industry strengthening.
The first industrial revolution was built in England in the late eighteenth century between 1770 and 1870, a period in which agriculture was overcome by the industry and most of the farmers thus became worker. It began in England due to a number of factors:
-The English revolution had allowed the free movement of goods which until then had been denied due to constraints like feudal duties.
-The Country was endowed with an efficient transport network consists of roads and waterways.
-Fin The sixteenth century were widespread in the countryside fences that favored the specialization of production and then England had a surplus of capital to invest.
-Many Peasants moved to the cities and worked at low wages favoring the accumulation of industrial profits.
-Nacque In England a large international market for the sale of products.
-L'Inghilterra Was rich in raw materials, coal and iron.
-There Were the most important technical and scientific discoveries.
The second country in which arose the industrial revolution was in Belgium in 1790 thanks to the remarkable development of agriculture, trade and mining. Later also Swiss, France and Germany. Misa latter developed a model that tends to the strong contribution of the banking system with the use of investment banks. In 1850 knew the industrial revolution also the United States and later Japan, Russia and Italy.
Two moments:
-the first period from 1770 to 1830 characterized by the expansion of textile production.
-the second period from 1830 onwards, which was characterized by the advent of the railways and the strengthening of the steel industry.
Also there was a trend characterized by the cyclical nature.
We should not say that innovations arising in consequence of the scientific revolution because there are two different stories:
-That technicians who were men even uncultured but clever as improved human life;
-That scientists theorized that and were prepared to go slightly beyond their findings to reveal the advantages.
Domande da interrogazione
- Quali furono i fattori che permisero l'inizio della prima rivoluzione industriale in Inghilterra?
- Quali furono le caratteristiche principali dei due periodi della rivoluzione industriale?
- In che modo la rivoluzione industriale si diffuse in altri paesi dopo l'Inghilterra?
La rivoluzione industriale iniziò in Inghilterra grazie a diversi fattori, tra cui la libera circolazione delle merci, un efficiente sistema di trasporti, un surplus di capitale, la disponibilità di materie prime come carbone e ferro, e importanti scoperte tecniche e scientifiche.
Il primo periodo, dal 1770 al 1830, fu caratterizzato dall'espansione della produzione tessile, mentre il secondo periodo, dal 1830 in poi, vide l'avvento delle ferrovie e il rafforzamento dell'industria siderurgica.
Dopo l'Inghilterra, la rivoluzione industriale si diffuse in Belgio nel 1790, seguita da Svizzera, Francia, Germania, Stati Uniti, Giappone, Russia e Italia, con ogni paese che sviluppò modelli specifici, come il forte contributo del sistema bancario in Germania.
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