Appunti Letteratura anglo-americana

PATRIARCHAL SOCIETY=WEST SOCIETY TILL 20TH CENTURY, ONE ONE HAND ONLY

MAN COULD BELONG TO THE SOCIAL POLITC SPHERE AND THE PRIVATE SPHERE,

MOSTLY CONNECTED W WOMAN THAT SHOULD ONLY CARE ABOUT

CHILDREN=USUALLY WE DEAL WITH THIS SOCIETY DURING 19TH AND 20TH CENTURY

IN THIS STRUCTURE ON WOMAN SHOULD RESPECT THIS VALUE AND CREATE ANOTHER

CENTER POWER MOSTLY CONNECTED W FAMILY DYNAMICS (MATRIARCHAL

STRUCTURE); WOMAN TRY TO OBTAIN THEIR PART OF POWER RESPECTIN

PATRIARCHAL LAWS, BUT CREATINGS A STRUCTURE FOR THEMSELF TO USE THEIR

POWER(CONTROLLING THE FAMILY)

…ARTURE(MAIN CHARACHTERS) HE HAS AN INTERIOR STRUGGLE TO FOLLOW SOCIETY

RULES, HE FINDS IN THE FIGURE OF HELLEN…(OUTSIDER) A SORT OF COMFORT, HE

CAN SHOW HER HIS REAL SIDE

PERSONA IS SOMONE WEARING A MASK IN ORDER TO BE ACCEPTED BY THE

SOCIETY(ARTURE), WHILE THE INDIVIDUAL IS A PERSON WITH HIS FEELINGS AND HIS

OWN DESIDERE=THE NOVEL OF 19TH CENTURY IS MORE INTERESTED IN SOCIAL

ASPECT

IN THIS PERIOD WE HAVE A LOT OF INTEREST TOWARDS INDIVIDUALITYA(AMERICAN

CULTURE), THE VALUE OF A PERSON AS A PERSONA CLASHES WITH THE IMPORTANCE

OF INDIVIDUAL FREEDOM OF A PERSON

ELLEN… BAD CHARACHTER IN THE NOVEL

SHE IS NOT ACCEPTED BY THE SOCIETY, DUE TO HER PAST(SHE DIVORCED)

SHE IS THE REAL GOOD CHARACTER IN THE NARRATION

ELLEN GLASGOW

SHE DESCRIBES THE REALITY OF THE SOUTH; SHE BRIDGES THE GAP BTW THE

HOPFULNESS OF THE ERA OF COSTRUCTION AFTER THE AMERICAN CIVIL WAR AND

THE TRADITIONALISM OF THE SOUTHERN REINASSANCE(LOOKS BACK TO TRADITION)

(AMERICAN MODERNISM, ALSO HARLEM REINASSANCE(LOOKS TO THE FUTURE))

AS A WOMAN WRITER SHE DIVIDED HER ATTENTION ON WHITE WOMANHOOD OR

HEROIC POTRAITS OF WOMAN

FOLLOWING THIS 2 DIFFERENT ASPECTS SHE CREATED 2 DIFFERENT TYPES OF NOVEL,

DEFINED NOVEL OF HISTORY/TOWN AND NOVEL OF THE COUTRY

WE CAN FIND TRAITS IN COMMON, IN BOTH NOVEL WE HAVE THIS KIND OF OPTIMISM

AND THE CONVITION THAT THE SMALL RURAL REALITY WAS ABOUT TO SECURE THE

STATE

SHE STRONGLY REFUSED REGIONALIST WRITERS AND SHE TRIES TO OBTAIN

RECONGISSION AS MODERNIST, IN HER WORK WE HAVE MODERNIST ANTICIPATION BC

SHE EXPLORES EPITESMOLOGICAL QUESTION FROM 20TH CENTURY PERSPECTIVE

SHE ALSO CHANGED THE COURSE OF SOUTHERN LITERATURE IN 18TH 19TH BC SHE

DEPARTED FROM TRADITIONAL SOUTH TRADITION(PLANTATION MYTH), SHE DIDNT

RESPECT THIS TRADITION(MOON AND MIGNOLIA, PATERNALITISIC GIFT OF WHITE MAN

CONTROLLING SLAVES(SLIDE)

IN HER NEW WAY OF WRITING SHE USES DARWIN IDEAS, HIS IDEA INFLUENCED BOTH

THE SOCIETY AND LITERARY PRODUCTION; SHE WAS STRONGLY INFLUENCED OF

DARWIN IDEAS ABOUT ENVIROMENT, POINTING OUT HOW THIS CAN INFLUENCE

HUMAN BEHAVIOR(NATURALISM IDEA)

SHE DECLARED THAT THE SOUTH WAS FULL OF BLOOD AND IRONY, ANTICIPATION OF

ELLEN GLASGOW, BC WHAT IS DEFINED AS IRONY POLICY(VERY OFTEN IRONY

IMMERGED AS A TERME TO DESCRIBE A FUSION OF EASTHETIC PRACTICES AND

POLITICAL ONES) IS PRESENT IN AMERICAN MODERNISM AND POST MODERNISM

BLOOD=WOMAN, THIS IDEA OF WOMAN FIGHTIG THE COURSE OF NATURE,

DIFFICULTIES AND ALSO THE BIOLOGICAL PROBLEMS; WOMAN FIGHTING AGAINST

SOCIAL LOWS IN ORDER TO OBTAIN SELF DETEMRINATION

ALSO THE DESCRIPTION OF RURAL FARMING FAMILYS THAT HAVE TO FACE THE NEW

INDUSTRIALIZATION AND URBANIZATION IS ALSO DESCRIBED WITH THE WORLD

BLOOD(REINASSENCE ANTICIPATION)

SHE WAS PRESIDENT OF A SOCIETY THAT CARES ABOUT ANIMALS=BIG SENSIBILITY

WILLA CARTHER

SHE WAS BORN IN VIRGINIA BUT ONLY HER LAST NOVEL WAS SET IN VIRGINA, SINCE

SHE MOVED WITH HER FAMILY IN NEBRASKA, SHE WAS A SORT OF TOMB BOY, FOR

THIS REASON SHE FOUND THE ATMOSPHERE OF LITTLE TOWN OPPRESIVE(SHE WAS

UNCONVENTIONAL)

SHE STARTED WORKING AS A JOURNALIST AND A TEACHER

FIRST BOOK=SHORT STORIES

GENERA THAT CAN BE CONSIDERED UNIQUE IN AMERICA LITERATURE, STRONGLY

CONNECTED WITH THE USA

IN A FAMUS STATMENT FROM THE NOVEL DEMEUBLE SHE STRESSED THE FACT THAT

THE NOVEL REFLECTS ON SOME ASPECTS AND THE NATRUAL CONSEQUENCE IS THAT

THE AIM OF THE READER IS TO FIND THIS ASPECTS=IMPORTANT PART BC THE IDEA

BEHIND THE NOVEL IN THE 19TH CENTURY, CONVINCTION THAT THE AUTHOR AND

THE READER SHARES THE SAME COMPREHENSION OF THE WORD, THE READER

PASSIVLY ACCEPT THE NOVEL THOUGHT BY THE WRITER

THE READER ENTER THE NOVEL ITSELF(TYPICAL IN MODERNIST NOVELS)=MANY

DIFFERENT READINGS OF THE SAME NOVEL

(THE TEXT HAS TO HAVE HIIDEN PARTS IN ORDER TO LET THE READER ENTER INSIDE)

CARHTER IS MODERNIST AUTHOR, JOE ANNE MIDDLETON….

RICHARD MILLINGTON….

IN ORDER TO SUMMARIZE CARTHER EVOLUTION WITH HER APPROACH TO

FICITON=ROLAND BARTHES, HE INTRODUCES THE DISTINCITION BTW READERLY AND

WRITINGLY TEXT(SLIDE)

THE READERLY TEXT IS CLASSIC TEXT, REALIST TEXT, WE HAVE A FIX MEANING, A PRE

DETERMINED MEANING BY THE AUTHOR AND THE AIM OF THE READER IS TO READ

THIS TEXT, THATS WY ITS CALLED READERLY TEXT

WRITERLY TEXT ARE TEXT IN WHICH THE FUNCTION OF THEREADER IS TO CO WRITE

THE TEXT(SIMBOLIC), TO ADD MEANING TO THE TEXT ITSELF

HENRY JAMES-THE PORTRAIT OF A LADY

CENTRAL CHARACHTER=ISABEL ARTURE, A YOUNG AMERICAN WOMAN

THE THEMES IN THE NOVEL ARE CONQEUENCES OF THE CHOICES, AND THE IDEA OF

DEPENDECE AND INDIPENDECE

THE NOVEL OPENS AT … AN ESTATE IN BRITAIN, OWNED BY A WHEALTY MAN MR.

TOUCHET, HIS SON RALPH TOUCHET AND ISABEL AUNT, LYDIA, MR TOUCHET WIFE

ISABEL ARRIVES THERE TO VISIT HER AUNT

SHE IS NICE WOMAN, ATTRACTS MANY SUITORS, CASPAR GOODWOOD, AN AMERICAN

BUISNESMANN HE PROPOSES HER TO MARRY HIM BF SHE LEAVES, SHE REJECT DUE TO

HER INDIPENDECE

LORD WARBUTON, RAPRESENT TRADITIONAL EUROPEAN ARISTOCRACRY, SHE AGAIN

REJECT HIM BC SHE IS STRONGLY DETERMINED TO EXPIRIENCE HER LIFE ON HER OWN,

SHE DOESNT WANT HER FREEDOM TO BE OPPRESSED

RALPH ATTRACTED BY HER INDIPENDECE AND WISHES HER TO LIVE THE KIND OF LIFE

SHE WANTS TO; WHEN HIS FATHER IS DYING HE CONVICED HIS FATHER TO LEAVE

LARGE PART OF HIS INNERITANCE TO ISABEL; NOW SHE HAS THE FINANCIAL FREEDOM

SHE WANTS AND SHE CAN LIVE WITHOUTH THE NEEDS OF A MARRIAGE

AFTER RECIVING THIS INNERITANCE SHE STARTS A TOUR OF EUROPE, SHE BECOMES

FURTHER INVOLVED IN EUROPEAN SOCIETY(IDEA THAT AMERICANS ARE MORE

INNOCENT AND NAIVE WHILE EUROPEANS MANIPULATOR)

MADAME MERLE IS AN ELEGANT CULTURE WOMAN, WHO INTRODUCES ISABEL TO

GILBERT OSMOND; MADAME MERLE BECOME SORT OF MENTOR FOR ISABEL, SHE

SEEMS TO ADMIRE HER INDIPENDENCE BUT HER BEHAVIIOR MOTIVE ARE NOT SO

PURE AS THE SEEM

ISABEL BECOME FASCINATED BY GILBERT OSMOND, AN AMERICAN EXPATRIATE WHO

LIVES IN ITALY; APARENTLY GILBERT EMBODIES THE STATIC AND INTTELECTUAL

ASPECTS SHE WAS SEARCHING FOR SO SHE DECIDED TO MARRY HIM; IT TOURNS OUT

TO BE A BIG MISTAKE, HE ONLY MARRIED HER FOR HER MONEY, HE IS A BIG

MANIPULATOR TO MODE HER INTO A SUBMISSIVE WIFE, DESTROYING HER SELF

FREEDOM AND POWER;

PANSEY IS GIBERT DOUGHTER, SHE IS IN LOVE WITH A YOUNG MAN, BUT OSMOND

FORBID HER MARRIAGE BC HE IS NOT WHEALTY ENOUGH AND OSMOND WANTS

PANSEY TO MARRY LORD WARBURTHON, ONE OF ISABEL SUITORS

ISABEL DISCOVERS THAT MADAME MERLE HAD A SECRET RELATIONSHIP WITH

OSOMOND, SHE KNEW ABOUT ISABEL FORTUNE

THROUGHT THIS SUFFERING RALF EXPRESSES HIS REGRET, HE CONSIDER HIMSELF

PART OF ISABLE TERRIBLE MARRIAGE, BC HE ASKS HIS FATHER HIS INNERITANCE FOR

ISABEL; RALP IS THE MOST MORAL CHARACTER OF THE NOVEL; HE DIES AND ISABEL

HAD SOME PROBLEM, CASPER ASKED TO ESCAPE WITH HIM, ISABEL IS TEMPTED ON

ONE HAND BUT SHE FEELS AN OBLIGATION TO RETURN TO PANSY, SHE RETURNS TO

HER HUSBAND POSSIBLY FOR HER SENSE OF DUTY/DESIRE TO PROTECT

PANSY/ACCPET THE CONSEQUENCES OF HER CHOICES

TECHNICAL ASPECT OF THE NOVEL

POV ON HARRY JAMES, HE INTRODUCES PYSICOLOGICAL REALISM

IN THE LAST PHASES HARRY JAMES WORKS IN A SORT OF SELECTION AND REVISION

OF HIS NOVELS FOR NY EDITION

TOGHETER WITH HIS WORKS OF REVISION HE ADDS 18 PREFACES TO HIS NOVELS

09/10

TUTORIAL-WINTER TERM 2024-LUCA MOLLENHAUER

USA IN THE 1800(EAST COAST AND MISSISIPI ZONE)

THERE IS NO REAL IDENTITY YET, SINCE PEOPLE WANTED TO STAY THERE, THEY

THOUGHT OF THEMSELF AS EUROPOEAN LIVING IN AMERICA EVEN THOUGH THEY HAD

CHILD BORN IN THE USA

SOCIAL JUSTICE IS AN IMPORTANT THEME WHICH WAS FLOURISHING AMONG THE

STATE

MAKING A NATION

A LOT OF TIMES IN EUROPEAN HISTORY A NATION FORMS BC PEOPLE FROM THE SAME

TRIBE COME TOGHETER SPEAKING THE SAME LENGUAGE, IN AMERICA THOUGH

PEOPLE WENT THERE ON PURPOSE AND COME TOGHETER THEN TO FORM A NATION

8 FOUNDING FATHERS, THE NUMBER HAS BEEN DISCUSSED THROUGHT YEARS:

WASHINGTON. HAMILTON ECC(SLIDE)

THE RAPID EXPANSION OF THE RAILROAD AND MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY BEGAN

SHIFTING THE NATIONAL ECONOMIC BASIS AND THE POP….(SLIDE)

BIG TOWNS AND CITY ARE BEING FORMED IN THIS TIME

THE MORE PEOPLE AND TECNOLOGY MEAN THEN THE MORE INCREASE

WESTWARD EXPANSION

PEOPLE WANT TO EXPEND MORE NOW, THEY WANTED TO HAVE MORE SPACE TO

EXPAND FOR MORE PEOPLE COMING

AMERICAN FRONTIER LITERATURE AND THE FRONTIER MITH

THERE WAS HUGE DISCUSSION ABOUT THIS AT THAT TIME, INTELLECTUAL SAID THAT

THIS LITERATURE ABOUT THE WEST IS VERY DIFFERENT FROM THE ACTUAL REALITY

PEOPLE LIVED IN ESPECIALLY IN THE WEST AMERICA (BIG DISCREPANCY BTW WEST

AND EAST)

FRONTIER MITH=RED DEAD REDEMPTION, BUFFALO BILL ECC=USUALLY INCORRECT

MANIFEST DESTINY

IN THE USA EVERY PART OF AMERICAN HISTORY WAS DONE DUE TO RELIGION,

PURITANS THOGHT THAT GOD WANTED AMERICA’S FOUNDING

SPIEGAZIONE SLIDE

THE MITH OF THE WILD WEST

ROMANTICISM(1800-1850 CA.)

INDIVIDUALISM BECOME MORE IMPORTANT

PEOPLE BECAME MORE AWARE OF THEMSELF AND THE INDIVIDUAL REPONSABILITY

WAS MUCH CONSIDERED

A MOVEMENT FOCUSED ON EMOTIONS, NATURE AND THE INDIVIDUAL’S EXPERIENCE

OVER REASON

(SLIDE PER ALTRO)

WASHINGTON IRVING(NAMED AFTER GEORGE WASHINGTON)

HE IS ONE OF THE FIRST PEOPLE WHO COULD LIVE OF HIS WRITINGS

SKETCH BOOK=SHORT STORY WITH FUNNY ELEMENTS BUT NOT ONLY

HE HAD HIS PEN NAME TO TARGET DIFFERENT AUDIENCE

HE GREW UP AROUND NEW YORK CITY, SO THE WROT THE HISTORY OF THE CITY OF

NY…

(SLIDE PER ALTRO)

RIP VAN WINKLE=MAIN CHARACHTER OF HIS SHORT STORY

HE FALLS ASLEEP AND SLEPT FOR 20 YEARS, WHEN WE WOKE UP HE WANTED TO GO

HOME BUT EVERYTHING WAS DIFFERENT AND MOST OF THE THINGS HE REMEMBERED

DIDNT EXISTED ANYMORE

(VEDI SLIDE PER ALTRO)

JAMES FANIMORE COOPER

HE IS MORE INTO WILD WEST MITH BC WHEN HE GROW UP IN NY

(VEDI SLIDE PER ALTRO)

HE WROTE THE LEATHERSTOCKING TALES PUBLISHED BTW 1823 AND 1841, AN

IMPORTANT COLLECTION FOR AMERICAN HISTORY

THE LAST OF THE MOHICANS (1826)

HIS MAIN CHARACHTER HAD AMERICAN INDIGENOUS NAMES(HAWKEYE)

HE DESCRIBES THE WAY HE IMAGIN THE FRENCH AMERICAN WAR BEING STATED AT

THAT TIME

TRASCENDALISM