Concetti Chiave
- The content compares Standard Southern British English (SSBE) with General American (GA), highlighting pronunciation differences.
- Language comprises both oral and written forms, with speech being the primary mode of human communication.
- Pronunciation is crucial for understanding, speaking, and improving language skills; it is distinct from spelling.
- English features 26 letters but 44 sounds, showing a lack of one-to-one correspondence between letters and phonemes.
- The International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) is a universal system for representing speech sounds since 1888, using symbols derived from the Roman Alphabet.
Indice
Linguaggio e comunicazione
Language is not only oral but even written.(to communicate)
Speech(oral) is the primary way human express.
Speech is a sequence of sounds.
Speech and language are linked.
Necessary to understand people, to speak and to improve our skills.
Is for speech, while the spelling is for writing.
We need to know both(they are closer)
but:
ssbe ga
•secretary /ˈsekrətri//ˈsekrɪˌteri/
•wonder/ˈwʌndə(r)/ /ˈwʌndər/
•wander/ˈwɒndə(r)/ /ˈwɒndər/
•queue/kjuː/ /kjuː/
•maid/meɪd/ /meɪd/
•made/meɪd/ /meɪd/
•tear/teə(r)//tɛ:r/
Suoni e lettere
In English there are 26 letters, but 44 sounds in the language.
(so the number of sounds is not always the same as the number of letters) and also there isn't a correspondence between the grapheme(the letter) and a sound. Graphemes could be , ,Fonologia e fonetica
The sound of speech is studied by phonetic and phonology.
Phonology is the study of the sound system. Its unit of analysis is the phoneme. The phoneme is the minimal unit of the sound; it is abstract. /.../
Phonetics is the study of the physical properties of speech sound (acoustic), how they are pronounced and how they are perceived. The unit is the phone [...] The phone is the physical realisation of a phoneme , the "noise".
Alfabeto fonetico internazionale
International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA), since 1888. It is universal. Many of the symbols are drawn by the Roman Alphabet.
Vowels:
12 monophthongs = 5 long and 7 short.
8 diphthongs.
Vowels are described according to the opening of the mouth, position of the tongue, the shape of the lips.
Minimal pair is a pair of words that differ just for one single sound, very similar.
Rhotic vs non-rhotic accent. by John Wells for two kind of spoken English.
Rhotic accent = /r/ pronounced wherever it is graphically present. (GA)
non-rhotic accent = /r/ is pronounced in initial position and inter vocalically but not post-vocalically(beard, work) or in final position(mother) (SSBE)
Domande da interrogazione
- ¿Cuál es la diferencia principal entre el acento rótico y el no rótico en inglés?
- ¿Por qué es importante conocer tanto la pronunciación como la ortografía en inglés?
- ¿Qué es un par mínimo y por qué es relevante en el estudio de la fonología?
El acento rótico, como el General American (GA), pronuncia la /r/ dondequiera que esté presente gráficamente, mientras que el acento no rótico, como el Standard Southern British English (SSBE), no pronuncia la /r/ en posición final o post-vocálica.
Es importante porque la pronunciación es esencial para entender y hablar, mientras que la ortografía es crucial para escribir. Ambas están estrechamente relacionadas, pero no siempre coinciden en inglés.
Un par mínimo es un par de palabras que difieren solo por un sonido, lo cual es relevante en fonología para identificar y estudiar los fonemas, que son las unidades mínimas de sonido en un idioma.
Accedi a tutti gli appunti
Tutor AI: studia meglio e in meno tempo
