Concetti Chiave
- In the 1700s, the British attempted to eradicate Irish traditions and Catholicism, imposing Protestantism and the English language instead.
- The Great Famine of 1847 devastated Ireland, leading to mass emigration and resentment towards the British, who were blamed for not preventing it.
- The late 1800s saw a resurgence in Irish nationalism, with the founding of the Irish Parliamentary Party and Sinn Fein advocating for a united Ireland.
- The Easter Rising of 1916 marked a significant push for Irish independence, celebrated as a symbol of Irish heroism.
- Despite the establishment of the Irish Free State in 1921, Northern Ireland remained under British control, leading to ongoing tensions.
Indice
Colonization and cultural suppression
• In 1700 the British colonized the 'Ireland and want to delete the values and traditions including Irish Catholicism and the Celtic language. They want to impose Protestantism and the English language.
• In 1800, British Prime Minister supports the unification of the two parliaments (English and Irish) based in Westminster.
• In 1847 a famine strikes Ireland and affects potatoes, which were the 'main food of the population. 8/1 of the population dies, many people move in England and in the USA. According to the Irish famine was the fault of the British because they could avoid it, as had happened in the past.
Political movements and uprisings
• Later, Charles Stewart Parnell founded the Irish Parliamentary party, spilled in 1890. With the revival Irish you want to return to the Irish traditions, the Celtic language and sport. In 1905 it was founded the party Sinn Fein, in favor of a united Ireland. It is a party based on the principles of equality, prosperity and unity.
• The 24/04/16 there was an uprising, the Easter rising from part of Irish volunteers to get the 'independence from the United Kingdom. It is a symbol of heroism Irish.
• In 1918 Sinn Fein nearly won all the seats, they set-up on an Irish parliament in Dublin (the Dáil) and was proclaimed a republic.
Civil war and independence
• From 1919 to 1921 there was the Civil War between the IRA and the British government in Irish.
• In 1921 with the end of the war of independence was proclaimed the Irish free state and guarantees the independence, but the British government kept the north Ireland under the rule of the united kingdom.
• In 1949 Ireland become a republic, but six counties Remained under the British control.
• The January 30, 1972 the 'British army opened fire on some Protestant civil rights in Ireland. 13 people died.
Domande da interrogazione
- Quali furono le conseguenze della carestia del 1847 in Irlanda?
- Qual è stato il ruolo del partito Sinn Fein nella storia irlandese?
- Cosa rappresenta la rivolta di Pasqua del 1916 per l'Irlanda?
La carestia del 1847 colpì gravemente l'Irlanda, causando la morte di 1/8 della popolazione e spingendo molti a emigrare in Inghilterra e negli Stati Uniti. Gli irlandesi attribuirono la colpa ai britannici, ritenendo che avrebbero potuto evitarla.
Fondato nel 1905, il Sinn Fein ha sostenuto l'idea di un'Irlanda unita basata su principi di uguaglianza, prosperità e unità. Nel 1918, il partito vinse quasi tutti i seggi e proclamò una repubblica, istituendo un parlamento irlandese a Dublino.
La rivolta di Pasqua del 1916 è considerata un simbolo di eroismo irlandese, in quanto fu un tentativo da parte dei volontari irlandesi di ottenere l'indipendenza dal Regno Unito.
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