Concetti Chiave
- Henry VII established peace in England through strategic marriage with Elizabeth of York, ending dynastic wars.
- He reduced the power of nobles to curb infidelity and corruption, gaining significant influence in European politics through arranged marriages.
- Henry VIII embodied Renaissance ideals, surrounding himself with artists and promoting a strong cultural image.
- He reinforced the authority of the crown by punishing unruly nobles, limiting local powers, and ensuring adherence to laws.
- Henry VIII's marriage disputes led to the Act of Supremacy in 1534, declaring him the head of the Church, separating England from Papal authority.
Indice
Henry VII
He was born in 1485 where dynastic wars were fighting all over the country.But he reached to establish peace marring Elizabeth of York.
He was a diplomatic person but he could be cruel when it was necessary
He noticed nobles’ infidelity and the corruption of the institutions in the country and the clergy.
For this reason he reduced nobles’ political and military power.
He reached to obtain for his country a great influence in the European policy thanks to arranged weddings especially with the Spain because he did marry his son Arthur with Catherine of Aragon that was the daughter of Ferdinand of Aragon and Isabelle of Castile.
Henry VIII
He was considered a typical Renaissance prince because: he loved be surrounded by artists and poets, eating and drinking and he was a good pianist.This aspect was important for the creation of his imperial imagine comparing with Emperor Carl V and Francis I of France.
He was considered a knowledgeable king because he perceived that his county needed peace and a good organization to reinstate the authority of the crown.
In fact: he punished the most unsettled nobles with the prison or the requisition of goods, he limited the local powers and he imposed them to respect the laws.
The king had an important influence in trades and economy. In fact he had the most powerful and the first British feed in order to have a marine hegemony.
He influenced the European policy with his weddings. In fact ha had 5 wives.
The first was Catherine of Aragon, Arthur’s widow from which their first daughter born: Mary Tudor.
But it was important for the life of the dynasty to have a male heir and the king was charmed by the court lady Anne Boleyn that, at the same time, was pregnant from which Elizabeth I of England will born.
So Henry wanted to repudiate Catherine and he address to Pope Clement VII to annul the wedding but he refused. But the king, against the Church, married Anne Boleyn and the Pope excommunicated him. So he claimed the Act of Supremacy in 1534. It declared that: the king became the supreme head of the Church and of the State, people had not pay the tithes, the king can excommunicate and ordain bishops, monasteries are abolished.
Domande da interrogazione
- Quali furono le strategie di Henry VII per stabilire la pace e influenzare la politica europea?
- In che modo Henry VIII contribuì alla creazione della sua immagine imperiale e all'organizzazione del regno?
- Quali furono le conseguenze del conflitto di Henry VIII con la Chiesa?
Henry VII stabilì la pace sposando Elizabeth di York e riducendo il potere politico e militare dei nobili. Influenzò la politica europea attraverso matrimoni combinati, come quello tra suo figlio Arthur e Catherine d'Aragona.
Henry VIII si circondò di artisti e poeti, amava la musica e il buon cibo, contribuendo alla sua immagine imperiale. Punì i nobili ribelli, limitò i poteri locali e impose il rispetto delle leggi per rafforzare l'autorità della corona.
Henry VIII, dopo il rifiuto del Papa di annullare il suo matrimonio con Catherine d'Aragona, si sposò con Anne Boleyn e fu scomunicato. In risposta, proclamò l'Atto di Supremazia nel 1534, diventando capo supremo della Chiesa e dello Stato, abolendo i monasteri e rifiutando il pagamento delle decime.
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