Concetti Chiave
- Adults require a balanced diet for energy and maintenance, tailored to work, health, and age, to prevent overweight issues.
- Manual workers need higher energy food intake due to the strenuous nature of their jobs, which include tasks like farming and mining.
- Sedentary workers, engaged in jobs that involve prolonged sitting, require less energy food in their diet.
- Pregnant women need extra nutrients, focusing on proteins, minerals, and vitamins, while avoiding excess carbohydrates to support fetal development.
- Lactating mothers require additional nutrients similar to pregnant women, to ensure sufficient milk production and recovery post-childbirth.
Adult's Nutritional Needs
Members of this group have reached maturity and stopped growing. They therefore require food for energy and maintenance rather than growth. An adult's diet should be balanced. It should also be suitable for his work, health and age. Over-weight must be avoided.
The following are special groups of adults:
1. The manual worker: Manual jobs are strenuous and include farming, coal mining, grass or wood cutting. These require expenditure of excessive energy.
2. Sedentary worker: Sedentary work is not strenuous. It involves sitting down. It does not involve physical exercise. Example are writing, tailoring, working in office, selling goods in a shop. Sedentary workers do not require much energy foods in their diet.
3. Pregnant women: These must provide for the nutritional needs of the foetus which means the baby developing in the womb. They therefore require extra nutrient in addition to the balanced diet which they require as adults. Excess carbohydrate should be avoided to prevent overweight. Protein, minerals and vitamins intake should be increased. Poor nutrition at pregnancy affects the development of the child. Increased milk, vegetable fruits and protein intake should be encouraged. Enough, but not extra energy food should be taken.
4. Lactating mothers: These are mothers who are breast-feeding babies. In order to produce enough milk and make up for what was lost during pregnancy and child-birth, lactating or nursing mothers require extra nutrients as the expectant mothers.
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