Linguaggio e cultura in pose: un’analisi sociolinguistica

S O C I O L I N G U I S T I C VA R I A T I O N A N D R E G I S T E R

The sociolinguist variation that appears in this series is the African-American Vernacular English with an

informal register.The main characteristics are the multiple negation, absence of copula be, ain’t as general

negator. In the dubbed Italian version the strategies is usually the elimination of features typical of non-

standard dialect, standardiz ation, neutraliz ation.

Original Version Dubbed Version Proposal of Translation

<LIL’ PAPI> <GRUNTING> I <GRUGNISCE> Lasciami non ho <GRUGNISCE> Lasciami non ho

didn' t do nothing. fatto niente! fatto niente!

Original Version Dubbed Version Proposal of Translation

<DAMON> If they cute. Se sono carini... Se sono carini...

Original Version Dubbed Version Proposal of Translation

<LIL’ PAPI> Ain' t nobody here. I've Non c’è nessuno per me, sono solo da Non c’è nessuno per me, sono solo da

quando ho 13 anni, passando da un

been on my own since I was 13, in quando ho 13 anni, mi sono girato gli

and out of foster homes. Ain't nobody orfanotrofi. E nessuno ha mai fatto un orfanotrofio all’altro. Nessuno ha mai

ever gave me shit. cazzo. fatto un cazzo.

M O D E S O F A D D RE S S A N D V O C A T I V E S

The choice of which vocative to use reveals the type of relationship among the characters.

The most familiar ones: Endearments, Family terms, Familiarizers. In the italian dubbed version some of these

vocatives can be translated or domesticated. such as in the case of “bro”.

In other occasions it is preferred to remove it or replace by an interjection like in the last example.

Original Version Dubbed Version Proposal of Translation

<PITO> I got you, bro. You can Tranquillo fratello te ne stai buono a Tranquillo fratello te ne stai buono a

stay at my place. casa mia. casa mia.

Original Version Dubbed Version Proposal of Translation

<RICKY> Oh, man. You want to go Ah, beh. Ci andiamo a mangiare una Ah, beh. Ci andiamo a mangiare una

grab a slice or something? On me cosa? Offro io. cosa? Offro io.

S P O K E N L A N G UA G E I N T V S E RI E S

Spoken language is facilitate by the incorporation of inserts such as discourse markers, interjections,

• attention signals, response forms, hesitators question tags. Thanks to these elements, which are absent in

written language, the public is able to understand the speaker's ethnicity, geographic origin, social status,

and age as it.

In translation for dubbing, certain parts are kept while others are left out. It can be challenging to find

• suitable Italian equivalents, especially considering synchronization issues.

Attention signals:

Original Version Dubbed Version Proposal of Translation

<LIL' PAPI> Yo! Yo, wait up. Hold on. Ehi, ehi, aspettate, un secondo,un Ehi, ehi, aspettate, un secondo,un

Hold on.Yo, what I got to do to join secondo. Cosa devo fare per entrare secondo. Cosa devo fare per entrare

The House of Evange... ? Your guys' nella casa Evange... nella vostra casa? nella casa Evange... nella vostra casa

house?

Question tags:

Original Version Dubbed Version Proposal of Translation

<RICKY> Hey.You an Evangelista, righ Ehi. Sei della casa Evangelista? Ehi. Sei della casa Evangelista?

t? D I S C O U RS E M A RK E RS

Discourse markers are important elements in spoken language, particularly in conversations.

When

translating film dialogue, it's crucial to consider these markers.They are linguistic tools that aid in

organizing and facilitating interaction between individuals.

Original Version Dubbed Version Proposal of Translation

<STAN> Sì beh, è il successo, lo sai. Sì beh, è il successo, lo sai.

Yeah, well, this is what success looks

like.

Original Version Dubbed Version Proposal of Translation

<PATTY> So what? Oh, e allora? Oh, e allora?

Original Version Dubbed Version Proposal of Translation

<RICKY> I mean, I'm smart and Perché no, io sono furbo, sono carino Perché no, io sono furbo,sono carino

cute, and I smell good. e ho un buon profumo e ho un buon profumo

C U L T U RA L RE F E RE N C E S

Cultural references in translations require careful handling. Strategies like loan words, explanations,

or cultural substitution are used to address these issues. In film translation and dubbing, cultural

references are crucial, as there' s no room for explanations. Translators must decide whether to keep

the source text or replace it with something familiar to the target audience. Cultural substitution is

a common strategy in dubbing.

Original Version Dubbed Version Proposal of Translation

<RICKY> Thank you. What It's Che... guardi, la canottiera? È Cosa guardi? La maglietta? È di uno

WilliWear. I mopped it from Williwear, l’ho rubata da Macy’s. di quegli stilisti famosi, l’ho rubata.

Macy' s. I tie rubber bands around Lego una sacca all’elastico dei Lego una sacca all’elastico dei

the bottom of my sweats. I could pantaloni della tuta. E ti assicuro che pantaloni della tuta. E ti assicuro che

stuff anything down there and just là dentro ci posso infilare qualunque lì dentro ci posso infilare di tutto... E

walk out cosa, e poi me la squaglio. poi me la squaglio.

Original Version Dubbed Version Proposal of Translation

<PATTY> We need a dishwasher. Ci serve una lavapiatti, abbiamo un Ci serve una lavastoviglie, abbiamo

We have a baby, and I'm up doing bambino e mi tocca lavare i piatti a un bambino e spesso mi tocca lavare

dishes by hand until The Tonight mano fino alla sigla del Tonight Show i piatti fino a mezzanotte!

Show starts. a volte.

F O RE I G N I Z I N G A N D D O M E S T I C A T I N G

S T RA T E G I E S

Translation for dubbing and subtitling can be simplified as either making the text more familiar to the

target language and culture (domesticating) or retaining elements of the source language and culture to

emphasize their foreignness (foreignizing).

During the translation process I have decided to prioritize the comprehension for the audience trying to

avoid the ethnocentrism. As it highlighted in this example the translators and I have used foreignizing in

the case of Manhattan, differently from the translators I have used the domesticating strategy in the case of

Montauk.

Original Version Dubbed Version Proposal of Translation

<STAN> E allora? Conosci qualcuno E allora? Conosci qualcuno

So what!?You know anybody with a che ha un ufficio ai piani alti che ha un ufficio ai piani alti

corner office in one nei grattacieli di Manhattan? O nei grattacieli di Manhattan? O

of those skyscrapers in Midtown?Or una villa a Montauk? una villa a Montauk?

a place in Montauk of their own? L O A N W O RD S

In the dubbed version, specific loan words are kept in the original language but supplemented with elements

that allude to the same meaning, in this case, to the same style of dance: voguing. In my version, certain

phrases are adjusted to provide a clearer explanation.

Original Version Dubbed Version Proposal of Translation

<PRAY TELL>Now give 'em some Musica per i duellanti eeee pooosare! Musica per i duellanti eeee pooosare!

music. And pooose! Ooh, bitch, we got Caaavolo qui sta per scatenarsi una Stronzette qui sta per scatenarsi una

ourselves a battle! Bring it the old way. vera e propria... battaglia! Forza! Ecco vera e propria... battaglia! All’opera!

The only way! uno stile old way. L'unico e il solo. Ecco uno stile old way. L'unico e il

solo.

Original Version Dubbed Version Proposal of Translation

<PRAY TELL> Yeah. Uh-huh! Twirl! --Sì ! Sì ! Spin! Dip! Turn ! Cosìì! Muovete quelle mani! Uuuh-

Pop! Twirl! Twirl! Spin! Dip! Turn! Aah. Vogue.Vogue. Vogue. Yes. huuuh! Sììì! Ancoraa! Volteggiate!

Aah. Vogue.Vogue. Vogue. Yes. Dip! Dip! Pop! Vogue! Spin! Dip! E ancora Catwalk! Sìì!

Pop! Vogue! Pop! Vogue! Vogue! Voguing! Cosììì!

Sìì! Questo significa fare Voguing!

TA B O O L A NG UA G E

In Italian dubbed films, there are stereotypical swearwords derived from the language used in the original

version such as “ fottuto” for “ fucked” as it is highlighted in the second example.

Translators can also creatively invent new insults, considering lip sync constraints. In the first case, the

dubbed version opted for “ puttana” , possibly because of the lipsynch issue. Personally, I try to propose a

different translation by reversing the order of the words trying to restore the original meaning as well as the

harmony of the synchro.

Original Version Dubbed Version Proposal of Translation

<BLANCA> So agitated, Elektra. Mi sembri molto agitata Elektra. E io Mi sembri molto agitata Elektra. E io

And here I thought old age would che pensavo che invecchiando si che pensavo che con l’età le stronze si

mellow a bitch. calmassero le puttane! calmassero!

Original Version Dubbed Version Proposal of Translation

<PITO> He got arrested. Had L'hanno arrestato. Aveva un sacco di L'hanno arrestato. Aveva un sacco di

money and vials on him, too. He's soldi, roba addosso... ormai è fottuto. soldi, roba addosso... ormai è

fucked. I'm putting Iggy in the parks. Voglio mandare a Iggy nei parchi. Tu fottuto. Voglio mandare a Iggy nei

I want you in Manhattanville and va’ a Manhattanville e Harlem parchi. Tu va’ a Manhattanville e

Harlem Harlem.

W O RD P L A Y A N D C RE A T I V E L A N G UA G E

Humour is the pain point of a translator as it is intricately tied to specific language and culture it

originates from. Different solutions can be adopted by the translator, but the most efficient but also

the most challenging one is replacing the original pun with a pun in the target language. As denoted

by this example in the dubbed version the pun is completely ignored. In this example the strategy

used in the dubbed version works perfectly has it is in line with the culture.

Original Version Dubbed Version Proposal of Translation

<BLANCA> […] Now, the only Bene l’unica cosa che mi interessa al Ora l'unica casa di cui mi importa è la

“ Casa del Pancake” prendere una

house I'm worried about at the momento è andare al ristorante e

moment is the International House of farmi degli ottimi pancake alle fragole, porzione con doppio cioccolato e alzare

Pancakes, where we will celebrate alzare la forchetta per festeggiare tutti la forchetta per festeggiare tutti

and raise a fork of the Rooty Tooty quanti insieme la tua inevitabile insieme al tuo inevitabile declino.

Fresh ' N Fruity to your inevitable rovina.

demise.

Original Version Dubbed Version Proposal of Translation

<PRAY TELL> ...and surcoats and ..abbiamo gioielli e corone O mio ...abbiamo gioielli e corone O mio

crowns. Oh, my! Disney, Disney, Dio! Disney, Di