Riassunto esame lingua inglese, Prof. Ferrarotti, Ayers, libro consigliato Views in the News

Unit 1

So it is as important to look at what is not reported as to look what is reported. Timely, because events happened in short time are more interesting, so a story must ideally happened over the past 24 hours because it must to be recent. Negative, because an event such as war or crime is more newsworthy/interesting than a happy story. Novel, because is more interesting an unexpected and unusual event instead of a routine and predictable one. Celebrated because vips make better news than unknown people. Geographically and culturally close because are more interesting news of a nearby place with same cultural values. Attributable, factual more interesting than conjecture. Numerical because bigger numbers make bigger news. Personal and relevant.

The terms hard and soft news include the concepts of seriousness and timeliness. The concept of seriousness encompasses topics such as politics, economy, war, disaster and so on; on the other hand, the concept of timeliness refers to the immediacy of the story. Hard news includes both of these elements and it is usually an account of what happened, why and how the reader will be affected. Soft news are aimed at informing or satisfying the reader (for example human interest and novelty). It is important for the editor’s newspaper to maintain their readership by producing what they believe the reader wants.

Unit 3

The opening sentence, or lead, of the story overlaps the headline to some extent. The lead may be preceded by a by-line which names the reporter or the source of the story. The omission of words attracts the reader's attention in the same way as sensational word by making the headline stronger. The nominalization is the frequent use of complex noun phrases in the subject position. Gimmicks or puns have a double sense as the writer implies a second meaning which is linked to the article.

Plays on words are often based on well-known quotations and include: homophones (where the spoken have the same pronunciation), homonyms (words with more than one meaning) and intertextuality. Some linguistic distinctive features are adopted which makes the headlines particularly: the omission of words, the use of loaded language, nominalization and the use of gimmicks.

Unit 5

The participants are the people who are involved in a story as the subject or object of the process. The participant is a doer of an action, the experiencer of a state or feeling, or the sayer of something. Processes are actions, states and events, normally recognized as verbs. Material are process of doing, relational of being and having, and mental are process of sensing and feeling. Verbal are process of saying, behavioural of human behaviour, and existential are process which are signalled by there, such as there is/are.