Language Portfolio, Lingua Inglese

LANGUAGE PORTFOLIO

PAOLA MERO

CONTENTS

1. Grammar topics

1.1 The present continuous

1.2 The conditionals

1.3 Relative clauses

1.4 The passive

2. Business topics

2.1 Marketing

2.2 Advertising

  2  

1.1 THE PRESENT CONTINUOUS

Form

The present continuous tense is formed from the present tense of the verb be and the pre-

sent participle (-ing form) of a verb.

Use

We use the present continuous:

to talk about events which are in progress at the moment of speaking;

• to talk about temporary states which are true around the moment of speaking;

• to describe actions which are repeated or regular, but which we believe to be tem-

• porary;

to talk about a gradual change;

• with adverbs of indefinite frequency like always, constantly, continually and forever to

• describe events which are regular but not planned, and often not wanted;

to refer to the future when we talk about plans and arrangements that have already

• been made.

  3  

Ex n.1 Make correct sentences using the present continuous.

1. “Where’s Tom?” - “He (play) tennis with Sarah”.

____________________________________________________________________________

2. “Have you written the letter?” - “No, I (write) it now”.

____________________________________________________________________________

3. She (not do) her homework, she (read) a book.

____________________________________________________________________________

4. They (work) at the moment?

____________________________________________________________________________

5. Let’s go out! It (not rain).

____________________________________________________________________________

6. I don’t like your friends, they always (complain).

____________________________________________________________________________

7. My brother (not wait) for the bus, he (go) on foot.

____________________________________________________________________________

8. At the moment we (plan) our future work.

____________________________________________________________________________

9. She (see) her grandparents next weekend?

____________________________________________________________________________

10. Why they (not do) their homework?

____________________________________________________________________________

Ex n.2 Order these words to make correct sentences in the present continuous.

1. glasses. for my looking I'm

____________________________________________________________________________

2. are What of kind book you reading?

____________________________________________________________________________

3. is Why crying? Pamela

____________________________________________________________________________

4. economics studying is Kharkov Paul University. National at

____________________________________________________________________________

5. everyone laughing? is Why

  4  

____________________________________________________________________________

6. you for me? waiting Are

____________________________________________________________________________

7. leaving? When are you

____________________________________________________________________________

8. Arabia is at the moment. in Saudi John working

____________________________________________________________________________

9. the you? company for Is as working same Jennifer

____________________________________________________________________________

10. do Saturday come? a want having to next I'm - party you

____________________________________________________________________________

  5  

1.2 THE CONDITIONALS

There are four basic conditionals that we use in English:

1. Zero Conditional

2. First Conditional

3. Second Conditional

4. Third Conditional

Zero Conditional: certainty

The zero conditional is used for things that are always true as long as the condition is met.

We use the present simple both for the condition and for the result.

First Conditional: a real possibility in the future

A first conditional sentence is for future actions dependent on the result of another future

action or event, where there is a reasonable possibility of the conditions for the action be-

ing satisfied.

We