Concetti Chiave
- The novel is realistic, with detailed descriptions emphasizing the truth of reality through colors, dimensions, and coordinates.
- Robinson Crusoe, a middle-class businessman, defies his father's warnings, travels, and becomes a successful planter in Brazil before being shipwrecked.
- Stranded on an island for 28 years, Crusoe survives by building a small empire and is eventually joined by a man he names Friday, whom he saves from cannibals.
- Upon returning to Europe, Crusoe discovers his plantation has made him wealthy, and after his wife's death, he resumes traveling.
- Crusoe embodies the pragmatic European colonizer, valuing reality based on utility, maintaining a master-servant dynamic with Friday.
It is a realistic novel: he wants to prove the truth of reality so the description are very detailed.
As a matter of fact the author feels the need of giving everything the right features such as colors, length, width and also many coordinated about place and time. Moreover in order to satisfy the idea of verisimilitude the narration is completely in first person.
It is divided into three sections:
1) The main character is introduced: Robinson Crusoe is a business man, belonging to the middle class. Despite his father's warnings about all the dangers, he decides to leave his family and goes travelling to make a fortune, which finds when he lands in Brazil where he becomes a successful planter.
However, during an expedition to Africa to buy slaves for his plantation, he is shipwrecked on a desert island.
2) The second sections rotates around the Robinson's life on the desert island, where he stays for 28 years, during which he keeps a diary, until he is saved by an english ship. After some years he realizes that he isn't completely alone and on Friday he saves a cannibal from a group of indigens. So for gratitude, the cannibal becames his slave and Robinson gives him a name, Friday, like the day he was saved.
3) The third part describes Robinson's return to Europe, where he learns that his plantation in Brazil, has made him rich, and when his wife dies, he starts travelling again.
Robinson Crusoe is a pragmatic hero: when he first lands on the island there is very little despair, because he immediately reacts, he never gives up; he arranges everything, building his small empire on the island, re-creating the world he has left behind him. At first he builds a raft because he realizes that some food is on the wrecked ship so he tries to recover them, then he builds a refuge and he even arranges his leisure time.
What helps him to never give up is the Bible, which he reads everyday to gain the right energy to go home.
The way he approaches reality is if it's useful to him or not: it's an economic point of view. As a matter of fact he became the symbol of European of colonizers. He establishes with Friday a master-servant relationship. He never tries to learn Friday's language and never asks him if he has a name, because he is only interested in Friday's usefulness. He wants to dominate everything and he imposes to Friday his language, customs, religions, food, clothes.
Robinson Crusoe is a flat character, because he never undergoes a transformation, his attitude towards reality is always the same.
Domande da interrogazione
- Qual è l'approccio di Robinson Crusoe alla realtà?
- Come si sviluppa la relazione tra Robinson Crusoe e Venerdì?
- In che modo Robinson Crusoe affronta la sua vita sull'isola deserta?
- Qual è il ruolo della Bibbia nella vita di Robinson Crusoe sull'isola?
Robinson Crusoe affronta la realtà da un punto di vista economico, valutando se qualcosa è utile per lui o meno. Questo approccio lo rende simbolo dei colonizzatori europei.
La relazione tra Robinson e Venerdì è di tipo padrone-servo. Robinson non impara mai la lingua di Venerdì e gli impone la sua lingua, costumi, religione, cibo e vestiti.
Robinson Crusoe affronta la vita sull'isola con pragmatismo, costruendo un piccolo impero e ricreando il mondo che ha lasciato. Si organizza per recuperare cibo, costruire un rifugio e gestire il suo tempo libero.
La Bibbia è una fonte di energia e motivazione per Robinson Crusoe, che la legge ogni giorno per trovare la forza di non arrendersi e di tornare a casa.
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