Concetti Chiave
- Drug use involves using substances as intended and prescribed, while misuse refers to inappropriate usage.
- Tolerance develops when a drug’s effect decreases, requiring higher doses for the same impact.
- Addiction is a chronic condition marked by compulsive drug-seeking behavior and brain changes.
- Stimulants, known as "uppers," boost the central nervous system to enhance alertness and counteract fatigue.
- Hypersensitivity is an allergic reaction to a drug, sometimes affecting those who handle them professionally.
Vocabulary
Drug use: the use of a substance for its intended purpose and according to prescription
• Drug misuse: use of medicine in a way not recommended by a doctor or the manufacturer
• Tolerance: when a subject’s reaction to a psychoactive drug decreases so larger doses are required to achieve the same effect
• Addiction: chronic pathological condition characterized by compulsive drug-seeking and abuse and by long-lasting chemical changes in the brain
• Withdrawal symptoms: psychological and/or physiological reactions that occur when a patient has become physically dependent on a drug and suddenly stops taking it
Stimulants: (“uppers” in slang) a group of drugs that tend to stimulate the central nervous system to increase or maintain alertness or counteract fatigue
• Depressants: (“downers” in slang) chemical agents that diminish the function or activity of a specific part of the body to induce a drowsy or calm feeling in patients
• Cross tolerance and cross dependence: the tendency for a person affected by tolerance or dependence to a drug in a certain classification or category to develop it to another drug in the same or a similar classification or category
• Potentiation: two drugs are taken together and one intensifies the action of the other
Additive effect: two or more drugs are taken at the same time and the combination results in the desired maximum response
• Antagonism: two drugs given together have the opposite effect on the body
• Hypersensitivity: allergic reaction that sometimes occurs after the first time the patient is exposed to a drug or after years of taking it; it sometimes affects professionals who handle drugs (ex.
• Side/adverse effects: an effect of a drug other than the one for which it was administered; it may or may not depend on the purpose of administration
Domande da interrogazione
- ¿Qué es la tolerancia en el contexto del uso de drogas?
- ¿Cómo se define la adicción según el texto?
- ¿Qué ocurre durante la potenciación de drogas?
La tolerancia se refiere a cuando la reacción de un sujeto a una droga psicoactiva disminuye, requiriendo dosis más grandes para lograr el mismo efecto.
La adicción es una condición patológica crónica caracterizada por la búsqueda compulsiva y el abuso de drogas, junto con cambios químicos duraderos en el cerebro.
Durante la potenciación, dos drogas se toman juntas y una intensifica la acción de la otra.
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