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Concetti Chiave

  • The general mobilization during World War I required converting industries to war production, causing a decline in essential goods and involving women in factories.
  • Misleading information suggested a short war, but the conflict lasted until 1918, contrary to early expectations.
  • The war featured two phases: the war of movement, prioritizing swift actions, and trench warfare, resulting in a prolonged stalemate.
  • Belgium resisted German advances, complicating their plans to quickly defeat France, leading to significant battles like the one near Paris.
  • Life in the trenches was harsh and unsanitary, as depicted in literature such as "All Quiet on the Western Front" by Erik Remarque.

World War I: general mobilization

The conflict was thus determining the general mobilization that affected the countries that took part in the conflict. This general mobilization led some needs: first it was necessary to convert all kinds of different industries in industries for the production of weapons of war resulting in a sharp decline in domestic production of essential goods, and secondly the need to recruit and train an army made huge peasant workers, bourgeois etc ..

even this still causes a stasis production. Even women then for manpower needs are taken at the factory for the production of war materials while the men were at war. The means of dissemination of information such as newspapers and magazines spread the illusion that the war would have lasted only a few months or weeks, calling it "War Short" or "Blitzkrieg". He tried to make it clear to the population that the war would not last long, but instead lasted 4-5 ani until the end of 1918. The characteristics of the conflict were known, and introduced in two phases, the first phase was the war of movement, depending on the war of position and trench. The war of movement occurs during the war when the quick actions of the combatants in a conflict are of central importance to the outcome of the latter. This was the basis of the ideology of the Germans who did not give the enemy time to organize the defenses, so thought they could defeat France. But this phase presented many problems. Belgium was not really a passive country, or rather tried to resist the German attack through sabotage trying to destroy the roads that bring supplies to the Germans and this involved great difficulty in crossing of Belgium, but nevertheless exerted the German managed to overcome the borders of Belgium and to enter France. A great battle was fought in Verden to 100km from Paris where the French army was defeated. The French army organized defenses on the River Marno to avoid that Germany could enter victorious in Paris. Marno on the banks of the river with the help of the British built the long trenches throughout the course of the river from north to south. The trenches are precisely the long deep furrows dug just a few meters from the men. In these pits the army and stop living for months and even years with canned foods generally poor then stored as beans or another, and from the point of view of hygiene was shabby and were easily affected by bacteria and viruses. Life in the trenches was very hard, as well as a German writer Erik Remique describes in his work writing the harsh reality of life in the trenches. The work entitled "All Quiet on the Western Front", what he writes deals with the war between France and Germany on the Western Front. Nothing new because it views the construction of the trench by the French in order to defend themselves from attacks by the Germans, they too in turn are forced to build trenches given the impossibility of the passage then the war enters a stalled both from point of view of fighting that from a psychological standpoint. England then entered the conflict in favor of the French stopped by sea all the supplies that arrived to the Germans all this by creating a sort of continental blockade of Germany, which did not stay to watch: he tried to break it trying to make a submarine warfare with the ' introduction of new instruments of war.

Domande da interrogazione

  1. Quali furono le conseguenze della mobilitazione generale durante la Prima Guerra Mondiale?
  2. La mobilitazione generale portò alla conversione delle industrie per la produzione di armi, un calo della produzione di beni essenziali e la necessità di reclutare e addestrare un grande esercito, coinvolgendo anche le donne nelle fabbriche.

  3. Come veniva percepita la durata della guerra dai mezzi di informazione?
  4. I mezzi di informazione diffondevano l'illusione che la guerra sarebbe durata solo pochi mesi o settimane, chiamandola "Guerra Breve" o "Blitzkrieg", ma in realtà durò 4-5 anni fino alla fine del 1918.

  5. Quali furono le due fasi principali del conflitto?
  6. Le due fasi principali furono la guerra di movimento e la guerra di posizione e trincea, con la prima caratterizzata da azioni rapide e la seconda da una situazione di stallo con trincee.

  7. Quali difficoltà incontrarono i tedeschi durante l'invasione del Belgio?
  8. I tedeschi incontrarono resistenza da parte del Belgio, che cercò di sabotare le strade per ostacolare i rifornimenti tedeschi, rendendo difficile l'attraversamento del paese.

  9. Come influenzò l'Inghilterra il conflitto a favore della Francia?
  10. L'Inghilterra entrò nel conflitto a favore della Francia e bloccò via mare tutti i rifornimenti destinati ai tedeschi, creando un blocco continentale e spingendo la Germania a tentare una guerra sottomarina.

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