Concetti Chiave
- The introduction of machines in England led to the disappearance of old trades and reduced workforce, causing protests known as the Luddite movement.
- Mechanization increased production and necessitated market expansion, emphasizing the need for marketing.
- Protectionism evolved from the feudal system, creating barriers against imported products to protect domestic markets.
- The capitalist system introduced free distribution of products, marking a shift from past business practices.
- Industrial Revolution challenges included overproduction and the exploitation of workers without safeguards, including women and children.
Indice
Luddite movement and its impact
The introduction of the machine caused in England the disappearance of old trades and reducing the workforce. The reaction was a protest that result in the destruction of the machines and became known as Luddites by a certain Ned Ludd, leader of the revolt. These skilled workers were damaged by the advent of machines. This phenomenon was suppressed and he came even to the death penalty for Luddites.
Mechanization and market expansion
Mechanization of a production process that until now was manual, this led to a higher production of the product and therefore the need to widen the market. Need marketing. Under the feudal system they were paid fees for sell from one country to another. Protectionism stems from an evolution of the feudal system, and is opposed to liberalism. Protectionism raises barriers to prevent the outside are imported products that can compete with the domestic product.
Capitalism and labor exploitation
The capitalist system is a new way of doing business, different from the past. It has as a key element to the free distribution of the products. One of the key problems of the industrial revolution was just what the sovraprroduzione, beginning not see but after 50 years it should be noted this problem. The English have had the spring driving, they had the idea and were able to implement it. Those who wanted to put on an industry asking for a loan to the farmer or the rich merchant. The money was taken directly from what they earned they wanted to earn more and more, but to do that exploited workers, working for 14 hours a day and there were because there were no safeguards. They worked even more women and children as they were vulnerable from a legal standpoint also because conditions were created to blackmail.
Domande da interrogazione
- ¿Quiénes eran los Luddites y cuál fue su reacción ante la mecanización?
- ¿Cómo afectó el proteccionismo y el capitalismo a la producción durante la revolución industrial?
- ¿Cómo se manifestaba la explotación durante la revolución industrial?
Los Luddites eran trabajadores calificados en Inglaterra que se vieron afectados por la introducción de máquinas que causaron la desaparición de antiguos oficios y la reducción de la mano de obra. Su reacción fue protestar destruyendo las máquinas, liderados por Ned Ludd, lo que llevó a que fueran conocidos como Luddites. Esta revuelta fue reprimida, llegando incluso a la pena de muerte para los Luddites.
La mecanización llevó a una mayor producción y la necesidad de expandir el mercado, lo que requería marketing. El proteccionismo, una evolución del sistema feudal, levantaba barreras para evitar la importación de productos que compitieran con los nacionales. El capitalismo introdujo la libre distribución de productos, pero uno de los problemas clave fue la sobreproducción, que se hizo evidente 50 años después.
La explotación se manifestaba en largas jornadas laborales de 14 horas sin salvaguardias, afectando especialmente a mujeres y niños, quienes eran más vulnerables legalmente. Los empresarios, buscando maximizar ganancias, pedían préstamos a agricultores o comerciantes ricos y explotaban a los trabajadores para obtener más beneficios.
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