Concetti Chiave
- Wool is an animal fibre primarily obtained from sheep, but also from camels, Angora rabbits, and Angora goats, and is mainly produced in temperate regions.
- Wool fibres are processed into two main forms: worsted yarn from long fibres and woollen yarn from short fibres, each with specific manufacturing steps.
- The wool manufacturing process involves several steps including clipping, sorting, scouring, carbonising, carding, spinning, and weaving.
- Wool is versatile and used for various clothing and home furnishing items, particularly suitable for cold climates.
- Wool fabrics include woollens like blankets and tweed, and worsted fabrics like gaberdine and worsted suitings.
Wool
Wool is an animal fibre. It is got from the hair or fleece of sheep. The hair of a camel, Angora rabbit or Angora goat can also be used. Wool is commonly produces in temperate countries such as Britain, Australia, New Zealand, Argentina, etc.
Manufacturing process for Wool:
Wool fibres are processed into two main forms -
1. Worsted yarn: which is made from long fibres.
2. Woollen yarn: which is made from the shirt fibres.
The major steps for the manufacturing of both forms are:
1. Clipping: the fibres (fleece) from the sheep. This is cutting the hair. The fleece is then packed in bales and transported to the factories.
2. Sorting: the process of grading and separating fibres according to length:
3. Scouring: the process of washing the fibres in soapy alkaline water to remove dirt and grease.
4. Carbonising: the process of removing all vegetable matter from the fibres by treatment with acid heat and pressure.
5. Carding: this process separates the batted fibres.
6. Spinning: this is the process of twisting the fibres into worsted or woollen yarn.
7. Weaving: the process of making the wool fabrics from the yarn.
Uses of wool:
Wool can be used for underwears, sweaters, socks, suits, trousers, vests, baby wears, soft furnishing, etc. They are particularly suitable for cold weathers and temperate countries.
Typical fabrics - a wool fibre has a scaly appearance but many articles are being made through the usage of wool.
These include:
- woollens for example blankets, flannel, tweed, etc.
- worsted for example gaberdine, worsted suitings, etc.
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