Concetti Chiave
- The Great Wall of China, built from the third century BC, was intended to protect against invasions, particularly by the Mongols.
- The Wall stretches from Shanhaiguan in the east to Jiayuguan in the west, with its length recently measured at 21,196.18 km.
- Originally constructed from rammed earth, stones, and wood, the Wall utilized bricks extensively during the Ming Dynasty for better durability and construction efficiency.
- The silver appearance of the Wall is attributed to stones from Shan Xi, rich in metals, though this is less visible today due to decay.
- Technological advancements like infrared and GPS have provided more accurate measurements of the Wall's length, highlighting its vast expanse.
Indice
Origini e scopo della Grande Muraglia
The Great Wall (in Chinese Wanli Chángchéng), also called, in China, Great Wall of 10,000 Lǐ, is a long series of walls built in today's China from the third century BC (more precisely in 230 BC) by Emperor Qin Shi Huang, the same to whom we owe the so-called Terracotta Army of Xi'an.
Was intended to contain the raids of neighboring peoples, especially the Mongols, but proved to be very effective, because the invaders often use weaknesses represented by the door that the wall should have.
Estensione e misurazioni recenti
The Great Wall begins in the east at Shanhaiguan, in Hebei province, and ends at Jiayuguan, in Gansu province, to the west. Despite the Chinese name (the Lǐ is a measure that corresponds about 500 meters) the length of the wall has been, until recently, considered to be 6350 km with variable heights. In 2009, the measurements obtained with the latest technological equipment (infrared, GPS), the Great Wall would be 8851.8 km long, about 2500 km more than the 6350 estimates with the Li. The latter datum would be denied by the most recent measurements estimated at 21,196.18 km total length and 9,1 m wide of the Great Wall of China.
Materiali e costruzione della muraglia
Before the use of bricks, the Great Wall was mainly built from rammed earth, stones, and wood. During the Ming Dynasty, however, bricks were heavily used in many areas of the wall, as were materials such as tiles, lime, and stone. The size and weight of the bricks made them easier to work with than earth and stone, so construction quickened. Additionally, bricks could bear more weight and endure better than rammed earth.
Aspetto e decadenza nel tempo
According to the records of Lin Tian the wall appears to be silver. Archaeologists explain that the wall appears to be silver because the stone they used were from Shan Xi, where many mines are found. The stone contains extremely high levels of metal in it causing it to appear silver. However, due to years of decay of the Great Wall, it is hard to see the silver part of the wall today.
Domande da interrogazione
- Qual era lo scopo principale della costruzione della Grande Muraglia?
- Qual è la lunghezza totale stimata della Grande Muraglia secondo le misurazioni più recenti?
- Perché la Grande Muraglia appare argentata secondo i registri di Lin Tian?
La Grande Muraglia fu costruita principalmente per contenere le incursioni dei popoli vicini, in particolare dei Mongoli, anche se spesso gli invasori sfruttavano le debolezze rappresentate dalle porte della muraglia.
Le misurazioni più recenti stimano la lunghezza totale della Grande Muraglia a 21.196,18 km, molto più lunga rispetto alle stime precedenti di 6.350 km.
La muraglia appare argentata perché le pietre utilizzate provenivano da Shan Xi, dove si trovano molte miniere. Queste pietre contengono alti livelli di metallo, conferendo alla muraglia un aspetto argentato.
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