Concetti Chiave
- During the 16th and 17th centuries, Russia remained isolated from European advancements, with the society living in poor conditions and the church opposing Western influences.
- Peter the Great rose to power amid family struggles, eventually succeeding in modernizing Russia with a focus on military and naval development.
- Peter imposed heavy taxes to fund his modernization efforts and pushed for Western cultural influences, despite being seen by some as the Antichrist.
- Securing access to the sea was crucial for Peter's modernization, leading to military conflicts with Sweden and Turkey, resulting in territorial gains for Russia.
- The Northern War concluded with the Peace of Nystadt, marking Russian victory and expansion, while Peter also extended trade routes by defeating Persia for control of the Caspian Sea.
The Russia of Peter the Great
Russia in the 500 and 600 remained completely out of all changes that have occurred in Europe in those years. The Company is back living in miserable condition, Russian church considers sinful everything Western. The calendar starts from the creation of the world, eclipses and watches are regarded as magic.
Despotism modernizer of Peter
On the death of Tsar Alexis I of the Romanov dynasty, he ascends the throne Fedor, son of the first wife who dies in 20 years, appointed his successor Peter, son of the second wife.
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To implement this modernization, levying taxes on everything imaginable advantage, especially the farmers. Peter also tries to westernize the customs of the country and is considered the embodiment of the Antichrist.
The wars against Sweden and Turkey
Peter considers the sea access a basic necessity for the process of modernization, in order to bind Russia to the rest of Europe. From here there is a clash for control of the Baltic Sea against Sweden, Peter wins. Turkey fearing the Russian advance, he enters the war against Peter, but he responds to attacks improperly and tries to avoid confrontation by giving in return some land, leaving back to Sweden the king who had taken refuge in Turkey. Subsequently there is a War against Sweden called "War of the North" that the Peace of Nystadt ends with the victory of Russia attaches other territories. Peter also provides new spaces for trade defeating Russian war in Persia, for control of the Caspian Sea. Peter died a few years later.
Domande da interrogazione
- Quali furono le principali iniziative di modernizzazione intraprese da Pietro il Grande in Russia?
- Quali furono i principali conflitti militari affrontati da Pietro il Grande durante il suo regno?
- Come influenzò la politica estera di Pietro il Grande l'accesso ai mari per la Russia?
Pietro il Grande pianificò di modernizzare la Russia portandola a un rinnovamento europeo, creando un esercito e una flotta, imponendo tasse su tutto il possibile e cercando di occidentalizzare i costumi del paese.
Pietro il Grande affrontò conflitti contro la Svezia per il controllo del Mar Baltico e contro la Turchia, cercando di evitare lo scontro diretto. Successivamente, la "Guerra del Nord" contro la Svezia si concluse con la vittoria della Russia e l'annessione di nuovi territori.
Pietro il Grande considerava l'accesso al mare una necessità fondamentale per il processo di modernizzazione, per legare la Russia al resto d'Europa. Questo portò a scontri per il controllo del Mar Baltico e del Mar Caspio, ampliando gli spazi per il commercio russo.
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