Concetti Chiave
- World War I began on July 28, 1914, primarily due to political tensions and power struggles among European nations, lasting until November 11, 1918.
- Key causes included the rivalry between Germany and England, France's loss of territories to Germany, and the Austro-Hungarian Empire's internal struggles.
- Major alliances formed were the Triple Alliance (Italy, Germany, Austria) and the Triple Entente (France, Russia, Great Britain).
- The assassination of Archduke Ferdinand triggered the war, leading Austria to declare war on Serbia, with Germany's support.
- Italy initially remained neutral but later joined the Triple Entente to pursue territorial gains, while naval blockades by France and Britain severely restricted Central Powers' supplies.
Beginning of World War I
The First World war was a global war centered in Europe that began on 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918. It caused lot of victims.
The causes were:
- The strong political contrast between Germany (important industrial power) and England (that had detained supremacy for many years and had colonies in Asia and Austria: it wanted to extend for the economy of the nation)
- France felt threatened by Germany: France had to cede to Germany Asazia and Lorraine.
- The Austro - Hungarian Empire sought independence from the Austrian
- The aggressive policy of Russia and Austria in the Balkans
- The arms race in all states under pressure from the big industrialists
Formation of Alliances
There was a formation of two alliances :
- The Triple Alliance formed by Italy, Germany and Austria
- The Triple Entente formed by France, Russia and Great Britain
The war started with the assassination of the archduke Ferdinand of Austria and his wife in Sarajevo on 28th June 1914. The murder was a Bosnian student.
The Austro-Hungarian empire delivered the ultimatum to Serbia that wasn’t respected. Than Austria declared war on Serbia and Germany intervened in war supporting Austria.
Soon the conflict widened:
- Austria and Germany (Central Powers), then Bulgaria and Turkish Empire
- The Triple Entente to the Side of Serbia. The Triple Entente had the support of Japan and United States.
Role of Italy and Naval Blockade
- Italy declared itself neutral until May 24, 1915. With the Treaty of London ( April 26 1915 ) closed relations with the Triple Alliance and sided with the Triple Entente and attacked Austria for territorial aims.
France and Britain had blocked the sea trade by cutting the Central Powers provisions.
The British battleships did not consent to the German to leave ports in the North Sea. Therefore Germany started a submarine war.
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