Concetti Chiave
- James VI became James I of England in 1603, uniting Scotland with England and Wales to form Great Britain, and introduced the Union Jack and common coinage.
- As a believer in the divine right of kings, James I ignored Parliament, considering himself God's representative on Earth.
- He supported the arts by patronizing Shakespeare's company, which became known as the King's Men, and commissioned the Queen's House at Greenwich.
- The Gunpowder Plot of 1605, led by Guy Fawkes, aimed to blow up Parliament but was foiled, leading to Bonfire Night celebrations.
- Religious uniformity was enforced, leading to the emigration of dissenters such as the Pilgrim Fathers, who founded Plymouth in Massachusetts in 1620.
L'ascesa di Giacomo I
James VI succeded Elizabeth I in 1603 as James I, first Stuart king of England.
He was a Protestant and a learned man and believed in witchcraft. During his reign, he joined Scotland to England and Wales as one kingdom known as Great Britain; introduced a common flag, the Union Jack and common coinage.
He ignored Parliament and based his rule on the theory of divine rights of kings: he believed he was the representative of God on Earth.
Patronato reale e architettura
He settled in London where he took under royal patronage Shakespeare's companu which became the King's men. He ordered the building of the Queen's House at Greenwih by Inigo Jones.
The Gunpowder plot
A year after his coronation the King held a conference at Somerset House to sign a peace treaty with Spain. This put an end to Spanish claims on English throne and to English attacks on Spanish ships. In 1604 at Hampton Court the King met the representarives of bishops and puritans to try to solve the conflict between them.
Il complotto delle polveri
During all this time the Catholics were excluded from Hampton Court so a group of them led by Guy Fawks organised the Gunpowder plot to blow up Parliament on 5 November 1605. The cospiracy was found out and the plotters were executed. The Governament encouraged public celebration at the failure of the plot which is known as Bonfire Night.
The Church of England identified uniformity with the security of the State and dissent was treated as treason. The consequence was the emigration of many dissenters to the New World. In 1620 the Pilgrims Fathers left England for America on the Mayflower and founded Plymouth in Massachusetts
Domande da interrogazione
- Quali furono le principali azioni di Giacomo I durante il suo regno?
- Cosa fu la Congiura delle Polveri e quali furono le sue conseguenze?
- Quali furono le conseguenze religiose del regno di Giacomo I?
Giacomo I unì Scozia, Inghilterra e Galles in un unico regno chiamato Gran Bretagna, introdusse la bandiera comune Union Jack e una moneta comune. Ignorò il Parlamento basando il suo governo sulla teoria del diritto divino dei re.
La Congiura delle Polveri fu un complotto organizzato da un gruppo di cattolici guidati da Guy Fawkes per far esplodere il Parlamento il 5 novembre 1605. Il complotto fu scoperto e i cospiratori furono giustiziati. Il fallimento del complotto è celebrato come Bonfire Night.
La Chiesa d'Inghilterra identificò l'uniformità con la sicurezza dello Stato e il dissenso fu trattato come tradimento, portando molti dissidenti a emigrare nel Nuovo Mondo. Nel 1620, i Padri Pellegrini lasciarono l'Inghilterra per l'America sulla Mayflower e fondarono Plymouth in Massachusetts.
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