Thermal Machines - Steam plants, Gas turbines, Hydraulic turbines

POWERPLANTS

STEAM 4aaxoRocanD Gluciano.idando

pdito.it

DENERG

3PM

TURBINE GEN

EL Phaser

HEAT EXCHANGER LIQUID

STEAM

fa 6 8

T H2O

H2o

I B

1 o

µ

i I

t.f.it USER

THERMAL

PUMP

HEATER

OVER CONDENSER Condensatore

RIGEN

of

at

the thecycle

end

fluid

the be

to

compression need

because during

changed

4 it

the loose

cycle

its

HEATING properties

i f

EXPANSION GENERATOR

STEAM

b 7

CONDENSATION I 5

5 VI

4

ha A

È

2 6

6

I Ds s

DIAGRAM

MOLLER'S GIBBS

DIAGRAM IDEAL EFFICIENCY

È dà.biz a

T Lui WORK

µ Losses

IDEAL No

H G

Gaga EFFICIENCY

ISOENTAROPIC

1 h

qq.shs

hs

hbi pump.sk

oR Lp the

tD V

vdpt by

pz Pi energy requested

Io the

p o is usually

pumps

NEGLECTED

l'q

incompressible

Const

V const

9

REAL EFFICIENCY tj

Kate

2 i

THERMAL EFFICIENCY Eff

Seal GLu

EgIEYPu

i kis

TL

1ns GENERATOR EFF

HEAT VAPORE

specifico Di

consumo l'hai

9EFF.at

L

2 insiti the the

lower

the plant

better operates

is

GLOBAL Eff

P rini

2g Hi

CHU PCI

er

REGULATION inlet

at the

pt

1 REINE

change

2 outlet

3 partializatic

pu pi.pl

TÈ

qoqoi.G.Ahis Pf

s

I

2 the

foist to

simplest pit

change

way

at to

TURBINE

the INN is

EXPANSION VALVE

di

use isola

1 exp

0

Ah

ha

Punizioni Ii ap

ho

46

this

in case

6 hs hai

ho ho

C Polipo

a Ds

È IÌ

jgffa.IN Flow

the is reduced

mass

so

920 karst

the

cause const

at h

is

and

7h povero

po'va

S the

lamination outlet

the

cause change

of

direction the speed 7Yoisahisici

II

Igs.nl 7 in

Ii 9aidhidG.mII

l_ e

miei

primi b S

G

ribalti hs h

so I

When

e regulate I

qq.IYoisah.is I gg

7a.ahidf.im aa

P

CHANGING THE outlet

G 2 2

ti

CRITICAL E

PK

Raspo tra

µ

the

due which is

Nozzle

in fluid

checked the

when teaches

the of Sand Blocco

sonico

Speed P

CHANGING THE LE

C Po

P

Po

Po'Re ora

no

GA ti

G fa

spiacritica if F

no

posta

F flow

aprilo mass O

2

po

ftp D

in Ra

Recast

3 Parqanzato N of

I deserte number

close valves

only there Losses

Usually increase

an in

4C

ratio between

the change a i

G Par ito

s

NÈ ha

G

can reduce i

im p

s

FLOW

MASS PART ALZATO

WITH c p

f

G X le

E

f 1

D Cag ha

5 5

l LASTED T

A

34 11111

t

2 Ds

i

Lights K

Pi Guns ho là

TÈ fai È.in

È 1

G I

ho h Pj

fu

c e

In Pi ga

Lipa Also to

be

the

steam

could sanded

at lave

turbine

another p

5 G T

bastati

1 B

I

g p

4 p

In d

G da 6 dg

da

1111111

2T f O

I

l 8 H

µ X

1 Vi

f o T

fi

fi 2

T 112

am xk

t.g.ae

1111111

t AG 0

kg p

A

1 CLOSED

2

A I

pie 1

G agl

Ds I_

42 CLOSED NÈI iq

Kaos

C NOTHING HERE

HAPPEN

DAG

Vi CLOSED

h a.l

A Pahe.to G G

Pi po

Re lancia lì D

µ agl

G G AG

Vi CLOSED Vi o

fa B

V fi E_

FYI g

A

1

Agio NOTHING HERE

HAPPEN

no

recovery DAG

If both Vin Kate

valves closed

h of

More

21 Freedom

degree

Potuto

µ of

in respect a symple

Pi P a AG

Ds D

kik pp

closed o

h

Pi ho

g

Pasti PIÙ avviare

a

GAS TURBINE

BRYAN reference de

to

Jake CYCLE c

de pa

ta L 3

3,1 2

É p

Iga 1

i

I Dv

Ds fluid

The the

with

not

TURBOGAS closed

is a same operating

cycle

the fai

Usually HRS.ca

tothe

smokes i ambient used

ejected or

Tg tax C Thehi