Space Systems Engineering And Operations - Appunti

Service module

Space Segment

Space System

Ground Segment

Receive and send data to S/C

Ground Stations

Elaborates the data

Control Centers

Mission Operation Centers

Science Operation Centers

System Design

System Implementation

System Management

Service module

Resolution of the equipment

In-flight operations

Concurrent Design Facility

Every subsystem designed in parallel

After TRL 3 it needs 2 years from one level to the other.

TRL 1 - Conceptual idea and basic principle

Eg: Flight proven system in successful operations

TRL 3 - Proof of concept - active research, development, analytical laboratory studies

TRL 4 - Breadboard - Simplified hardware

Brassboard - Medium fidelity functional units

In a simulated operational environment

Uses as much operational HW/SW as possible

Needed before launch

TRL 5 - With basic technological components

TRL 6 - Representative model or prototype tested in relevant environment

SERVICE MODULE + payload

it answers a specific goal

SPACE SEGMENT

SPACE SYSTEM

GROUND SEGMENT

Receive and send data to S/C

GROUND STATIONS

elaborates the data

CONTROL CENTERS

MISSION OPERATION CENTERS

SCIENCE OPERATION CENTERS

System Design

System Implementation

System Management

realization of the segment

in-flight operations

CDF = Concurrent Design Facility

Every subsystem designed IN PARALLEL

After TRL = 3 it needs 2 years from one level to the other.

TRL

• 1 = Conceptual idea and basic principle
• 2 = Flight proven system in successful operations
• Proof of concept = active research, development, analytical laboratory studies answers performances doesn't answer standards of space environment
• 3 = Simplified hardware
• BREADBOARD
• BRASSBOARD = medium fidelity
• functional unit
• in a simulated operational environment
• uses as much operational HW/SW as possible
• TRL 5 with basic technological components
• TRL 6 = representative model or PROTOTYPE tested in relevant environment

PROTOTYPE

form, fit & function of flight unit

at a scale deemed to be representative of

the final product operating in its operational ENV.

ENGINEERING UNIT

High fidelity unit that demonstrates

the critical aspects of the equipment, process

involved in the develop. of the operational unit.

closely resembles (HW/SW) the final product

QUALIFICATION UNIT

identical to the FLIGHT UNIT but

heavily tested (design & TE) either

PROTOFLIGHT UNIT

limited qualification tests. It will fly.

FLIGHT UNIT

end product. It'll undergo ACCEPTANCE LEVEL TESTING

TRL 7

prototype demonstrated in SPACE environment

TRL 8

Flight qualified (test and demonstration)

TRL 9

Flight proven

TRL also for software!

(6th level needed)

on board

ground stations

Product release

4 = ALPHA - Most functionalities implemented

5 = BETA - implementation of complete SW functionality

ready for use in an operational/production context.

TRL 5/6/7 are different

in ESA and ESO scale.

Can address

UNKNOWN TECHNOLOGIES

Dove internally

by client or guest

Define high

level goal

Analyse at

system level

rough quantifiable

estimations

Phase 0

or Pre-Phase A

3 MONTHS

System engineer:

- holistic view

- interdependencies btw S/S

- considers past lessons

High level

objectives

Functionalities

Requirements for each

MAX 1 YEAR

Phase A

"make sure

the project

is worthwhile"

OBJECTIVE

OUTPUT

outside the agency

to reach the required TRL in Phase B

ROUGH S/S

design on statistical approach

technical

+ management

risk planning development

OUTPUT

is it feasible

or not?

SYSTEM ENGINEERING

Each phase

has a milestone

best design for the given objective

mass

overalls

budget

design

power

cost

pointing

To understand

TOP - DOWN

and then

BOTTOM - UP

to do so

phases also

five phases

for the

from requirement to

system solution

postpone

POTENTIAL ARCHITECTURES and ALTERNATIVES

purpose several solutions at system level, not S/S

confirm

feasibility

quantified

settle boundaries, constraints and framework

set the path to go for the design solution, not solve

preliminary mission def. 1st mission design

proposal

mission requirements

preliminary