Riassunti di inglese

House of lords (upper house)

• House of commons (lower house)

• The Monarch.

•

The two houses meet in separate chambers in the Palace of Westminster. All

ministers and the Prime Minister are members of the House of Commons.

The house of Lords is mostly a hereditary body. It is presided over by the

Lord Chancellor.

The House of Lords has 760 members divided into two types: Lords spiritual

and Lords Temporal.

The members of the House of commons are 650. Each member represent a

district. Executive

The cabinet consists of secretaries of State. The Cabinet meetings are held

weekly white Parliament is in session.

The government of the UK contains a number of Ministries. Every Ministry is

led by a government minister who is often a member of the Cabinet and so a

Secretary of State.

The civil service is a permanent politically neutral organization supporting the

Government of the day. Senior civil servants remain in post upon a change of

Government.

The permanent secretary is a head civil servant leading the administrative

management of the department. 3

Anve Dispense Pagina

The Lord Chancellor presides over the House of Lords. He is a member of

the Cabinet advicing on low reform programmes.

The four English Low Offices represent the Crown in civil ligation prosecute in

certain important criminal cases advice government on points of law. They

may appear in proceedings before the International Court of Justice, the

European commission of Human Rights and the court of Human Rights.

In UK there isn’t Ministry of Justice. Judicial system is administered in

England and Wales by the courts, the lord chancellor and the home secretary.

The home secretary is responsible for the formulation of policy, initation of

criminal justice, primary and secondary legislation, research projects,

collation of statistic.

The home secretary oversees 42 police authorities forensic science service,

national probation service, prison service, prison escort and custody service,

criminal injuries compensation scheme, central funding of victim support.

British institutions

In the UK there is the monarchy. Now the queen is Elizabeth II. Britain is

governed by the Parliament which is made up by three institution: the

Monarchy, the House of commons and the House of Lord. One of the three is

elected by the people. Parliament make the low.

The UK system of government

The UK is a constitutional monarchy, but it has no written constitution. In is a

parliamentary democracy, but only one of Parliament’s houses is

democratically elected. Britain is governed by the Parliament, which is made

up by three institutions: the monarchy, the house of lord, the house of

commons. Only one of the three is elected by the people. The British

monarchy is the most ancient institute in the United Kingdom. The monarchy

is hereditary. Now the queen is Elizabeth II.

The Parliament is the supreme legislative body in the United Kingdom. The

most important functions of Parliament are to: make all UK laws and to

protect the rights of individuals. Parliament has a maximum duration of five

4

Anve Dispense Pagina

years. The parliament is bicameral. The house of Lord is a hereditary body. It

includes two different type of members: the Lord Spiritual and the Lord

temporal.

The house of commons is composed by the ministers and the prime minister.

Executive power is exercised on behalf of Sovereign and it is vested by the

UK government, Scottish government, the Welsh Assembly Government and

the Nothern Ireland Executive.

The industrial revolution

The industrial revolution increased the development of the modern society. In

many countries the industry became more and more important. In England

there were important transformation a political-social revolution with the

ascent of the middle class and the end of the feudal powers.

Many agricultural techniques were introduced with the consequent increase

of productivity and the mercantile capitalism was very important.

The industrial revolution increased the development of the modern society. It

was the combination of different Revolution : agricultural revolution, transport

system and the commercial system and demographic revolution.

Demographic revolution

During the industrial revolution the population increased from 6 million to 21

million. Instead the national income became from 50 million to nine hundred

million.

Commercial system(commercial revolution)

The characteristics of commercial revolution were:

The development of manufacturing,

• Introduction of new technologies,

• Repeal of protectionism,

• Introduction of new machinery capable to save time and cut labour

• costs. 5

Anve Dispense Pagina