Letteratura inglese: Late Victorian and Modernist Literature

Unità A: "Man-made monsters, monsters of the mind"
La narrativa e la poesia tardo-vittoriana, così come la poesia della Prima Guerra Mondiale, forniranno lo spunto per una riflessione sul senso di ansietà che caratterizza la fine del secolo XIX nei confronti del significato e del ruolo dell'uomo nel mondo, così come sulla sensazione, devastante, della totale mancanza di valore dell'esistenza umana che emerge dalla poesia di guerra.
Unità B: "Politics and Language, the Politics of Language"

Tecniche narratologiche, sperimentazione letteraria, e lo spettro (o il ricordo) sotterraneo della guerra e di politiche inumane costituiranno il maggiore argomento di riflessione di questa unità didattica.

Unità C: "Language and Irony on Stage"
Alcune forme di teatro tardo-vittoriano e novecentesco saranno analizzate alla luce della loro sperimentazione formale e della riflessione che innescano, amaramente ironica e inquietante, sul significato della vita umana.

Esame Letteratura inglese

Facoltà Lettere e filosofia

Dal corso del Prof. Iannaccaro Giuliana

Università Università degli Studi di Milano

Publisher martina.terlizzi

A.A. 2020-2021

91 pagine

Appunto

Vota

Scarica

Estratto del documento

BBB CCC etc. Meter: irregular, combination of trimeters and tetrameters and combination of various feet. In the last verse of each stanza we can have either hexameters or heptameters. Possibly what Thomas Hardy wanted to do here was to give us the rhythm of

‌the‌‌ballad‌‌that‌‌is‌‌usually‌‌in‌‌quatrains‌‌and‌‌it‌‌is‌‌a‌‌combination‌‌of‌‌trimeters‌‌and‌‌tetrameters.‌‌If‌ ‌you‌ ‌divide‌ ‌the‌ ‌last‌ ‌verse‌ ‌into‌ ‌two‌ ‌parts‌ ‌what‌ ‌you‌ ‌get‌ ‌is‌ ‌again‌‌the‌‌‌ballad‌‌rhythm‌‌“‌and‌ ‌the‌ ‌Pride‌ ‌of‌ ‌Life‌ ‌that‌‌planned‌‌her‌‌|‌‌stilly‌‌couches‌‌she”.‌‌‌In‌‌stanza‌‌number‌‌6‌‌we‌‌don’t‌ ‌have‌ ‌a‌ ‌break‌ ‌but‌ ‌the‌ ‌rhythm‌

‌doesn’t‌ ‌change.‌ ‌So‌ ‌the‌ ‌poem‌ ‌has‌ ‌the‌ ‌original‌‌characteristics‌‌of‌‌the‌‌ballad‌‌(popular‌‌rhythm,‌‌musical,‌‌narrative‌‌poem,‌‌basic‌‌elements‌‌of‌ ‌human‌ ‌life).‌ ‌He‌ ‌gives‌ ‌us‌ ‌this‌ ‌tragic‌ ‌story‌‌through‌‌a‌‌ballad‌‌to‌‌give‌‌a‌‌sort‌‌of‌‌ironic‌contrast‌‌between‌‌the‌‌form‌‌of‌‌the‌‌poem‌‌and‌‌what‌‌the‌‌poem‌‌is‌‌really‌‌talking‌‌about.‌‌

This poem is divided into two parts: the first five stanzas describe the situation as it is and we have a present tense because this is the part in which we are told that the ship lies at the bottom of the sea, it's a situation of paralysis; from the sixth stanza

‌he‌‌passes‌‌to‌‌the‌‌past‌‌tense‌‌because‌‌it‌‌is‌‌a‌‌retrospective‌‌view.‌ ‌There‌‌are‌‌two‌‌important‌‌elements:‌‌one‌‌is‌‌material,‌‌the‌‌narrator‌‌of‌‌the‌‌ballad‌‌describes‌‌the‌ ‌conditions‌ ‌in‌ ‌which‌ ‌the‌ ‌ship‌ ‌finds‌ ‌itself‌ ‌and‌ ‌there‌ ‌is‌ ‌also‌ ‌a‌ ‌sort‌ ‌of‌ ‌implicit‌‌judgement‌.‌‌Definitely,‌‌there‌‌is‌‌a‌‌comparison‌‌between‌‌human‌‌beings‌‌and‌‌the‌‌ship,‌‌it‌‌is‌‌not‌ ‌only‌

‌a‌ ‌metaphor‌ ‌for‌ ‌the‌ ‌human‌ ‌being‌ ‌him/herselves‌ ‌but‌ ‌it‌ ‌is‌ ‌also‌‌the‌‌product‌‌of‌‌‌ Martina‌ ‌Terlizzi‌ ‌something‌‌that‌‌he‌‌is‌‌criticizing,‌‌the‌‌issue‌‌of‌‌an‌‌attitude‌‌on‌‌the‌‌part‌‌of‌‌the‌‌man‌‌which‌‌is‌‌negative‌ ‌and‌ ‌useless.‌ ‌The‌ ‌keyword‌ ‌of‌ ‌the‌ ‌first‌ ‌five‌ ‌stanzas‌

‌is‌‌‌pride‌‌that‌‌can‌‌also‌‌be‌‌positive‌‌but‌‌in‌‌this‌‌case‌‌it‌‌is‌‌a‌‌pride‌‌which‌‌comes‌‌out‌‌of‌‌vanity,‌‌vaingloriousness.‌‌We‌‌are‌ ‌weak‌ ‌therefore‌ ‌there‌ ‌are‌ ‌no‌ ‌reasons‌ ‌to‌ ‌be‌ ‌proud.‌ ‌So‌ ‌that‌ ‌is‌ ‌the‌ ‌underlined‌‌judgment‌‌which‌‌is‌‌also‌‌repeated‌‌in‌‌the‌‌second‌‌part.‌‌ ‌Hardy‌ ‌ironically‌ ‌suggests‌ ‌the‌ ‌futility‌ ‌of‌ ‌human‌ ‌enterprises‌ ‌by‌ ‌making‌ ‌fun‌ ‌of‌

‌the‌‌human‌‌enterprise‌ ‌-‌‌it‌‌is‌‌a‌‌very‌‌dark‌‌humour.‌‌ The‌‌ship‌‌is‌‌personified,‌‌the‌‌narrator‌‌talks‌‌about‌‌the‌‌ship‌‌with‌‌a‌‌pronoun‌‌‌“she‌”‌‌as‌‌if‌‌it‌was‌ ‌a‌ ‌woman.‌ She‌ ‌couches‌ ‌at‌ ‌the‌ ‌bottom‌ ‌of‌ ‌the‌ ‌sea‌ ‌like‌ ‌a‌ ‌wounded‌ ‌animal‌ ‌who‌

‌is‌‌dying‌‌and‌‌is‌‌obliged‌‌to‌‌couch‌‌on‌‌the‌‌ground.‌‌This‌‌is‌‌also‌‌an‌‌expedient‌‌for‌‌the‌‌kind‌‌of‌‌procedure‌ ‌that‌ ‌he‌ ‌wants‌ ‌to‌ ‌do‌ ‌in‌ ‌the‌ ‌second‌ ‌part.‌ ‌Here‌‌he‌‌goes‌‌back‌‌to‌‌the‌‌past‌‌and‌‌tries‌‌to‌‌analyse‌‌what‌‌was‌‌happening‌‌at‌‌the‌‌same‌‌time‌‌in‌‌order‌‌to‌‌give‌‌us‌‌the‌‌perception‌‌of‌‌‌convergence‌‌‌which‌‌is‌‌read‌‌in‌‌a‌‌negative‌‌way,‌‌in‌‌this‌‌case‌‌it‌‌is‌‌not‌‌an‌‌affinity‌‌but‌‌it‌‌is‌ ‌a‌ ‌collision.‌ ‌He‌ ‌is‌ ‌shaping‌ ‌the‌ ‌situation‌ ‌to‌ ‌give‌us‌‌a‌‌metaphor,‌‌even‌‌an‌‌allegory‌‌of‌‌this‌‌ironical‌‌convergence.‌‌The‌‌ship‌‌is‌‌personified‌‌as‌‌a‌‌woman‌‌all‌‌dressed‌‌up‌‌as‌‌if‌‌she‌‌was‌ ‌going‌ ‌to‌ ‌her‌ ‌own‌ ‌wedding,‌ ‌precious,‌ ‌beautiful,‌ ‌admired‌ ‌by‌ ‌everybody‌ ‌and‌ ‌the‌‌sinister‌ ‌mate‌ ‌is‌ ‌the‌ ‌bride‌ ‌groom.‌ ‌On‌ ‌the‌ ‌one‌ ‌hand‌ ‌we‌ ‌have‌ ‌color,‌ ‌light,‌

‌warmth,‌‌humanity‌‌and‌‌on‌‌the‌‌other‌‌hand‌‌we‌‌have‌‌shadow,‌‌no‌‌color.‌

‌ ‌The‌ ‌convergence‌ ‌ironically‌ ‌suggests‌ ‌also‌ ‌the‌ ‌sequence‌ ‌of‌ ‌sexual‌ ‌metaphors‌ ‌(the‌‌couching,‌‌chambers,‌‌intimate‌‌welding,‌‌consummation).‌

‌ ‌Hardy‌ ‌leaves‌ ‌the‌ ‌reader‌ ‌with‌ ‌an‌ ‌overwhelming‌ ‌insignificance‌:‌ ‌our‌ ‌life‌

‌is‌‌insignificant,‌‌our‌‌efforts‌‌are‌‌insignificant,‌‌we‌‌are‌‌stupidly‌‌proud.‌‌Everything‌‌brings‌‌us‌‌to‌‌the‌‌realisation‌‌that‌‌we‌‌have‌‌no‌‌control‌‌on‌‌our‌‌own‌‌life,‌‌no‌‌control‌‌on‌‌the‌‌future.‌‌[The‌ ‌Fates‌ ‌(Moire)‌ ‌relief‌ ‌by‌ ‌Johann‌ ‌Gottfried‌ ‌Schadow‌ ‌(1764-1850).‌ ‌Allegory‌ ‌for‌‌destiny.]‌ ‌ 07.10.2020‌ ‌DR‌ ‌JEKYLL‌ ‌AND‌ ‌MR‌ ‌HYDE‌

This is a long-short story or it can also be called a short novel.

Anteprima

Vedrai una selezione di 20 pagine su 91