Inglese - Appunti

In medicine a symptom is generally subjective

 while a sign is objective. Any objective evidence

of a disease, such as blood in the stool, a skin

rash, is a sign - it can be recognized by the

doctor, nurse, family members and the patient.

However, stomach-ache, lower-back pain,

fatigue, for example, can only be detected or

sensed by the patient - others only know about it

if the patient tells them.

signs (objective): blood pressure, pallor, pulse, heart rate, respiration

 symptoms (subjective): pains, …

 tipi di ambulanza:

 MIKE medicalizzata

 VICTOR volontario a bordo

 INDIA infermiere a bordo

 E.M.I. emergency medical International

 Paramedics, drip / flebo, intravenous.



FORWARD

Training doctor, resident doctor / specializzando

 Main entrance, ambulance entrance, rear entrance, secondary

 entrance, employee entrance

Medici dopo la specializzazione / fellowship

 Guard / security guard (vigilante)

 The nurse regulates the drip

 Green / divisa da infermiere

 White coat / camice bianco

 blanket / coperta lenzuolo

 to feed / imboccare il cibo

 deceduto / empire (termine medico),

 deceased (termine elegante), passed away,

diparte, when I’m six feet under, bite the dust

AMI acute myocardial infarct

 PCI percutaneous coronary intervention / angioplastica coronarica

 Fibrinolysis / fibrinolisi (trattamento farmacologico del trombo)

 Fibrinolysis is a process that prevents blood clots from growing and

 becoming problematic. This process has two types: primary

fibrinolysis and secondary fibrinolysis. The primary type is a normal

body process, whereas secondary fibrinolysis is the breakdown of

clots due to a medicine, a medical disorder, or some other cause.

In fibrinolysis, a fibrin clot, the product of coagulation, is broken

 down. Its main enzyme plasmin cuts the fibrin mesh at various

places, leading to the production of circulating fragments that are

cleared by other proteases or by the kidney and liver.

Hemodynamics , hemodynamist, haematologist / ematologo

 Diagnosis: glu-counter results in glycaemia

 30 resuscitation massages and 2 oxygen flux

 Defibrillator, resuscitation unit, AMBU bag, ventricular fibrillation

 Intubation, laryngoscope, low blood pressure and bradycardia

 La bradicardia è una condizione definita come riduzione

 della frequenza cardiaca inferiore al valore di 60 battiti per

minuto (bpm).

Pupils exam: eyes doesn’t reacts to direct light exposure

 Did you check the H’s and T’s?

 The H’s and T’s of ACLS is a mnemonic used to help recall the major

 contributing factors to pulseless arrest including PEA, Asystole,

Ventricular Fibrillation, and Ventricular Tachycardia. These H’s and

T’s will most commonly be associated with PEA, but they will help

direct your search for underlying causes to any of arrhythmias

associated with ACLS. Each is discussed more thoroughly below.

Hyper-/hypokalemia

 Both a high potassium level and a low potassium level can

 contribute to cardiac arrest. The major sign of hyperkalemia or high

serum potassium is taller and peaked T-waves. Also, a widening of

the QRS-wave may be seen. This can be treated in a number of

ways which include sodium bicarbonate (IV), glucose+insulin,

calcium chloride (IV), Kayexalate, dialysis, and possibly albuterol. All

of these will help reduce serum potassium levels.