File ristretto preparazione esame B2 Inglese

USI DI WILL

1. Certainty in the future suppositions, doubts and personal opinions: I don't think he will come.

2. Making predictions about the future: it'll cost a lot of money to fix. Some predictions are about the present: That'll be Katie shouting.

3. Conditional sentences

4. Willingness and offers: I'll give you a lift to the hotel.

5. Intentions and decisions: When I go and see Marie, I think I'll take her some flowers. Decisions, intentions and plans. We use will when the decision is immediate and be going to when we have already made a plan.

6. Promises: I'll be there for you. Don't worry.

7. Requests and invitations (also with shall I / shall we?): Will you pass me the salt?

8. Commands: Will you be quiet, please!

9. General truths, something the speaker thinks is generally true.

CAN WOULD MAY COULD MIGHT WILL SHOULD MUST

4 conditionals:

- If I had won the lottery, I would be rich. But I didn't win the lottery in the past and I am not rich now.

- If...

I were rich, I would have bought that Ferrari we saw yesterday. But I am not currently rich and that is why I didn't buy the Ferrari yesterday.

WISH: Vorremmo che fosse diverso: I wish things were different, but this is the way they are.

DREAM FOR THE FUTURE: I wish I were lying on a beach now. (I'm sitting in the office)

REGRET: I wish I hadn't quit my job two years ago.

LAMENTARSI: I wish it would stop raining. It's been three days!

RELATIVE PRONUNS: WHICH, THAT, WHO, WHOM, WHOSE, WHEN WHERE

IMPORTANT THING: once we tell the question to someone else it isn't a question anymore. So we need to change the grammar to a normal positive sentence. This is important also for questions like: where, when, why and how. Remember also that now we don't use anymore SAY and TELL as reporting verbs, but ASK.

When you write an essay... It should be well organised with an INTRODUCTION and an appropriate CONCLUSION and should be written in an appropriate REGISTER and TONE.

essay is an opinion writing with which we analyse a topic, a situation or an issue from different points of view, providing different arguments and expressing our opinion about it.

FEATURES THAT AN ESSAY SHOULD HAVE:

• Purpose: What we usually do with an essay is to analyse and assess a topic, situation or issue which, in some way, is interesting or controversial.
• Tone and style: Given that you're writing about a serious or controversial issue, an essay is written in a formal style, so we must stick to an objective tone and style. Our language must be formal, thus avoiding words that are simply too common or generic (E.g.: things, stuff, get, etc.) and contractions (E.g.: can't, don't, won't, etc.).
• Structure: Like every piece of writing, an essay must present a defined structure. We can choose either to give it a title or not. Then, the body must be divided into introduction, idea 1, idea 2, idea 3 and conclusion. This means that, in general, essays

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must have 5 paragraphs, although it is not entirely necessary.

• Opinion: There are countless ways of expressing your opinion in an essay, so you must choose the one that suits you best. However, it is advisable to remain impartial throughout your writing and give your opinion only in the last paragraph, as a conclusion. The most important thing is that you justify everything you say in your essay.