Victorian Novel (3)

In the Victorian age there was the triumph of the novel, because books became more afford (economici), for example Dickens used Instalment, very afford, it was a publication in which the author created suspense at the final part, so readers wanted to read the second part, and bought it.
In the novel readers can identify with novel’s characters because it is about social and economic problems, utilitarianism and so on..
Novels were read aloud after dinner, the authors had a didactic aim, because readers could be so instructed and entertained, but they had to manage a compromise, because novelists were conditioned by reader’s expectations, showing the desire to please and fear to shock.
Dickens is the most great novelist of that time, in his novel “Oliver Twist” he talks about workhouses , social problems with comic elements. In “Hard Times” he talks about factory system, workers’ problems and utilitarian philosophy.
In Victorian Age novels of Romantic love came with Emily and Charlotte Bronte. The romantic scenery predominates in Emily’s novel, “Wuthering heights”, where Heathcliff is a romantic dark hero, in love with Catherine, but she marries another man for social conventions (like in Jane Austen’s novels  marriage as a form of social mobility) but their love will continue after death, as ghosts, so it’s a mixtureof romantic and gothic. Charlotte’s novel “Jane Eyre” is a mixture of realism (there are scenes of her own life) and imagination. Jane Eyre shows courage and determination, she is in love with Mr Rochester.
In this period there are novels without heroes like Thackeray’s one “Vanity Fair”, where the hero isn’t full of virtues but he is a simple man in quotidian life, It’s about hypocrisy of the ruling class.
In Victorian novel predominated realism, it was in form of comedy or drama of passion. The narrator is different.