Concetti Chiave
- Romanticism was a European movement influencing literature, painting, sculpture, and music, adapting to each country's cultural and political context.
- Originating in Germany in 1770, Romanticism was preceded by "Sturm and Drang," emphasizing individual freedom and a return to nature.
- In Italy, Romanticism intertwined with the Risorgimento, led by figures like Leopardi, Foscolo, and Manzoni, focusing on patriotism and historical events.
- In France, Romanticism was introduced by Madame de Staël and Rousseau, who believed in man's natural goodness and societal corruption.
- English Romanticism, primarily a literary movement, valued emotions and imagination over reason, drawing inspiration from medieval themes and past poets.
Romanticism
Romanticism was a European movement and it involved different arts suches literature, painting, sculpture and music. According to the different culture, social and political context of each country, it took on different aspects. Romanticism was born in Germany in 1770 and it was anticipated by the so-called “Sturm and Drang” which included such poets as goethe and shiller who believed in the freedom of the individual and asked for a return to nature.
In Germany, Romanticism was essentially a philosophical movement.
In Italy, Romanticism was a patriotic movement and was connected with the Risorgimento and the fight for independence.
In France, Romanticism developed later. It was introduced by Madame de Staël and Jean-Jacque Rousseau who believed in man’s natural goodness and his consequences corraction by society.
In England, Romanticism whose essentially a literary movement and poetry became one of the most vital forms of literally expression.
Romanticism represented a reaction against the neo-classical and rationalistic ideals of the 18th century. English romantic poets were against all kind rules and conventions, institutions and system. They prized feelings and emotions above reason and they believed in the power of immagination. They so immagination as a source of spiritual energy and the poet, through it was able to modify or even recreate the world around him. The typical romantic poet was inclined to mysticism, the exotic, the strange, the unreal, the marvelous. The poet wonted to escape from reality becaming a dreamer and an individualist romantic poets looked at the medioeval world for inspiration so popular ballats, ancient Scandinavian and Celtic themes were admired as well as the poets of the past such as Shakespeare, Spencer and Milton.
The romantic poet became a prophet a teacher;
he didn’t address a selective audience but he wanted to be understood by everybody. They also were interested in childhood.
Domande da interrogazione
- Quali sono le origini del Romanticismo e come si è sviluppato nei diversi paesi europei?
- Quali erano le caratteristiche principali del Romanticismo in Inghilterra?
- Come i poeti romantici vedevano il loro ruolo nella società?
Il Romanticismo è nato in Germania nel 1770, anticipato dal movimento "Sturm und Drang". In Germania, era essenzialmente un movimento filosofico. In Italia, era legato al Risorgimento e alla lotta per l'indipendenza, con esponenti come G. Leopardi e A. Manzoni. In Francia, è stato introdotto da Madame de Staël e Jean-Jacque Rousseau. In Inghilterra, era principalmente un movimento letterario.
In Inghilterra, il Romanticismo era un movimento letterario che privilegiava i sentimenti e le emozioni sopra la ragione. I poeti romantici inglesi erano contro le regole e le convenzioni, e credevano nel potere dell'immaginazione come fonte di energia spirituale. Erano inclini al misticismo e cercavano ispirazione nel mondo medievale e nei poeti del passato.
I poeti romantici si vedevano come profeti e insegnanti, desiderosi di essere compresi da tutti, non solo da un pubblico selettivo. Erano interessati all'infanzia e cercavano di modificare o ricreare il mondo attraverso l'immaginazione.
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