Modern Age (3)

It develops during the first two decades of the 20th century. During this period we have a lot of changes compared to Victorian Age, because we have the collapse of the faith in progress, the optimistic view of the world, the dissolution of the traditional moral values, that is to say the respectability, charity and the importance gives to family. So the typical mood is disillusionment, cynicism, rootlessness, frustration, uncertainty, isolation, alienation and anxiety. The main causes of this collapses are:
- political causes because we have the disappointment for the world war I that led a million British soldiers and a lot of problems; soldiers left their home with some ideals suggested whit the propaganda but then they are disillusioned and frustrated and as a result they wanted pleasure. So it develops a gap between adults and young men;
- dissolution of British Empire into the Commonwealth, so there wasn't anymore the hegemony of the king;
- diffusion of the philosophical discoveries with Freud, Nietzsche and Bergson. The first analyze the human psyche and discovered that our behavior is not only determined by rationality but by the unconscious and that the human being is formed by 3 parts: id, ego and super-ego. He also discovered that in our dreams we can find our desires and gave importance to sexuality in childhood. Nietzsche rejected to absolute moral values and Christian morality because he argued that God is dead and so people are free to create their God, their values. Finally Bergson introduced a new concept of time that is not chronological, no measured by the clock, no linear, not objective but subjective and measured by our emotions
- diffusion of the relativity theory of Einstein according to which time and space conceived as subjective dimension