Concetti Chiave
- Bacon's investigative method involves using three tables to systematically understand phenomena: Presence, Absence, and Gradi.
- The process of elimination in Bacon's method focuses on excluding false hypotheses to arrive at a consistent theory.
- Experimentum crucis, or "experiment of the cross," helps in distinguishing between competing theories through decisive experimentation.
- Understanding the form of a phenomenon involves grasping its latent structure and the law governing its process.
- Induction by elimination is central to Bacon's research, offering a distinct approach from Aristotle's, considered more effective for knowledge acquisition.
What is Bacon's investigative method?
According to Bacon, the search for forms must continue investigating all known instances. There are three tables: -Presence (Presencia) = where are recorded all instances in which the phenomenon occurs.
-Absence (Absencia) = where some of the cases related to previous but where the phenomenon does not occur.
-Gradi (RANK) = in which are recorded all the cases or instances in which the phenomenon presents itself according to a greater or lesser intensity.
The process of elimination
With these boards Bacon proceeds with the operation of induction itself by following the procedure of exclusion or elimination. By exclusion or elimination Bacon meant exactly exclusion or elimination of the hypothesis false. The first harvest is a first hypothesis consistent with the data presented in the three tables and screened through the selective process of elimination and exclusion. At this point you get to two cases that are similar and could be mutually exclusive, then the mind could make an error and then the testing is necessary to dispel any doubt.
Experimentum crucis and theory
The experimentum crucis: Bacon devises a rich set of experimental techniques among which "instances of the cross." The term experimentum crucis (literally "experiment of the cross") refers to an experiment able to discriminate between competing theories. After the crucial experiment we have the theory.To understand the idea of the shape necessary to introduce the concepts of:
-Process latency = the law that regulates the generation and the production of the phenomenon
-schematismo = latent structure of nature, the essence of a natural phenomenon
So understand the form means understanding the structure of a phenomenon, and the law which governs the process.
The induction by elimination
The real purpose of knowledge is reached by implementing a research procedure consists induction by elimination, which is different from that of Aristotle considered him useless.
Domande da interrogazione
- What are the three tables used in Bacon's investigative method?
- What is the purpose of the experimentum crucis in Bacon's theory?
Bacon's method involves three tables: Presence, which records instances where the phenomenon occurs; Absence, which notes cases related to Presence but where the phenomenon does not occur; and Gradi, which lists instances where the phenomenon appears with varying intensity.
The experimentum crucis, or "experiment of the cross," is designed to distinguish between competing theories. It helps in understanding the form of a phenomenon by introducing concepts like process latency and schematismo, ultimately leading to the development of a theory.
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