Concetti Chiave
- After Edward III's death, his grandson Richard II became king at ten, as his heir, the Black Prince, died from the plague.
- Richard II's inability to make decisions led to his forced abdication, as he had no sons and couldn't choose an heiress.
- The War of the Roses began between Edward III's remaining sons: John of Gaunt (Lancaster) and Edmund of Langley (York).
- The conflict was named for the family crests, featuring a red rose for Lancaster and a white rose for York.
- The War of the Roses concluded with Lancaster's victory, leading to three successive kings from their lineage.
The War of the Rose
At the death of the king of Britain Edward III the Black Prince, king of Wales and heir of Edward, had been killed by the plague and so there were no heirs.
Richard II, Edward III’s grandson, became king after him at the age of ten years old. Since he was too young, he was a little weak and had a tutor which helped him make decisions.
However, even after becoming older, he didn’t manage to make decisions and for this reason he was forced to abdicate.
The war between them was called War of the Roses, since both the family crests represented a rose (red rose and white rose). This war took place during the Hundred Years’ War, but there were some differences between them: while that one was wanted by the whole British population, the War of the Roses involved nobles only.
This battle eventually ended with the victory of the Lancasters and three kings belonging to this household succeeded.
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