Concetti Chiave
- The evolution of the English language began with Gaelic and Welsh, influenced by Roman Latin 2,000 years ago.
- Germanic languages from the Angles and Saxons, further mixed by Viking invasions, evolved into Old English.
- Old English, forming only 15% of modern English, contributed essential words like "be," "get," and "water."
- Middle English emerged from the blend of Old English with Latin and French post-Norman invasion in 1066.
- American English retains certain original British terms and incorporates Native American words, preserving older forms of English.
Indice
Lingue antiche e invasioni
For 2,000 years, the early Britons spoke Gaelic and Welsh. You can still hear these in parts of Ireland, Scotland, and Wales. Then the Romans brought Latin with them 2 000 years ago.
For about 1 6000 years, since the Romans left. Two people invadede Britain from the late 4th century: the Angles, from what is now southern Denmark, and the Saxons. Both spoke Germanic languages which mixed with other Germanic languages after the Vikings invaded in the 9th century. This mixture became Old Emglish.
Evoluzione dell'inglese antico
Only about 15% of Modern English comes from Old English, but it’s a very important 15 % - words like be, get, water and girl come from Old English.
It got mixed with Latin and French languages brought by the Norman invaders in 1066.
This mixture was called Middle English, and it was taught in schools from 1350.
Standardizzazione e nuove influenze
Around 1400, people starter to speak differently. Before this, the word name was pronunced something like “narmer”, and life was “leef”. London, where books were printed in English for the first time in 1476, became the standard model for English, and the first dictionary was printed in 1604.
The same language, but with lots of new words fron the Industrial Revolution and fron ohter parts of the British Empire, like shampoo and Pyjamas from India.
Differenze tra inglese americano e britannico
In some ways, American English is closer to Shakespear's English than the modern British English is, because the first settlers kept their language the same. Words like trash (rubbish in Britain) and fall (autumn) were originally from Britain. The USA also took native American words into the language, like tomato and barbecue.
Domande da interrogazione
- Quali lingue influenzarono l'inglese antico?
- Come si è evoluto l'inglese standard nel tempo?
- In che modo l'inglese americano differisce dall'inglese britannico?
L'inglese antico fu influenzato dalle lingue germaniche degli Angli e dei Sassoni, e successivamente si mescolò con il latino e il francese portati dagli invasori normanni nel 1066.
L'inglese standard si è evoluto con la stampa dei libri a Londra nel 1476, diventando il modello standard, e con l'introduzione del primo dizionario nel 1604, incorporando nuove parole dall'Impero Britannico e dalla Rivoluzione Industriale.
L'inglese americano è in alcuni aspetti più vicino all'inglese di Shakespeare rispetto all'inglese britannico moderno, mantenendo parole originali britanniche come "trash" e "fall", e incorporando parole native americane come "tomato" e "barbecue".
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