Information Systems: Appunti di Sistemi

IT in Business SUMMARY

Chapter 1. The Value Of Information

Information Technology and Information Systems deal with the following things:

DATA

- = raw symbols or unconnected facts;

INFORMATION

- = data that has been processed and it is now useful;

KNOWLEDGE

- = when information is applied to some decisions or actions;

WISDOM

- = using the knowledge for the greater good;

Lately, with the Information Systems, it has been possible to connect and process data to help with management decision -

making. Even if in the last years there were some movements to manage knowledge, it is difficult to think that will be

CONNECTEDNESS

possible to manage wisdom. Moreover, the previous hierarchy helps to frame two important concepts:

USEFULESS.

and The former is the shift from data to information, through the connection of data elements, that it will be

interpreted and applied (only the useful information will be used), while the latter is that once the knowledge level is

reached we understand that we need more data and information.

INFORMATION LITERACY,

Another important aspect if the that is the ability to efficiently and effectively determine what

information is needed, then access, evaluate, use and manage that information in an ethical manner. Today we have a

huge amount of information and it comes at a price. It is important to comprehend how to find and use information and

how to manage it effectively.

The information is used for three main purposes:

COMMUNICATION

- = process by which information is exchanged between individuals through a common system.

The organization must exchange information to share ideas, coordinate actions and transmit information to

stakeholders.

PROCESS SUPPORT

- = information is used to coordinate activities that lead to a specific goal or outcome.

Information in fact is used at each stage in the process (what was ordered, who is the customer, where to sell and

so on). So the information must be communicated and processed throughout the process.

DECISION MAKING

- = choose among alternatives, using the right information; without it is impossible to decide.

Finally, other two aspects of the information are: 1) some business threat information as a product; 2) information can be

used to gain strategic value.

Chapter 2. Introduction to Information Systems SYSTEM

Information systems are everywhere nowadays so it’s very important to understand them. A is a set of interacting

components, working together to form a complex, integrated whole in order to achieve some goals by taking inputs and

1) that

processing them to produce outputs. The main features of a system are is made up of components (different

2) that

kinds) that work together to achieve a purpose or a goal and the goal is achieved by taking inputs and processing

them to produce outputs.