Appunti completi di Architettura dei calcolatori e sistemi operativi

Sommario

Capitolo 1 - Introduzione

Struttura dei sistemi di calcolo

Cosa fa un sistema operativo

Dal punto di vista dell'utente

In una struttura condivisa da più utenti (mainframe)

Dal punto di vista dell'utente con unità mobile

Definizione di sistema operativo

Kernel

Programmi di sistema

Programmi applicativi

Middleware

Organizzazione di un sistema operativo

Controller dei dispositivi

Driver del dispositivo

Interruzioni

Trap (interrupt generato via software)

Concatenamento delle interruzioni

Struttura di I/O

Architettura degli elaboratori

Sistemi monoprocessore

Sistemi multiprocessore

Multielaborazione simmetrica

Multielaborazione asimmetrica

Cluster di elaboratori

Storage Area Network (SAN)

Attività del sistema operativo

Eccezioni

3Multiprogrammazione

3Multitasking

3Dual mode

3SOMMARIOGestione delle risorse

4Gestione dei processi

4Gestione della memoria

4Gestione dei file

4Gestione della memoria di massa

Gestione della cache

Gestione dell'I/O

Sicurezza e protezione

Protezione

Sicurezza

Virtualizzazione

Hypervisor (Virtual Machine Manager)

Emulazione

Capitolo 2 - Strutture dei sistemi operativi

6Servizi di un sistema operativo

6Interfaccia con l'utente

6Interfaccia a riga di comando (CLI)

6Interfaccia grafica (GUI)

7Chiamate di sistema

7System call

7Application Programming Interface (API)

7Implementazione

7Passaggio dei parametri

7 Categorie di system call

7 Servizi di sistema

7 Dipendenza delle applicazioni dal sistema operativo

7 Progettazione e realizzazione di un sistema operativo

8 Scopi della progettazione

8 Meccanismi e politiche

8 Realizzazione

8 Struttura di un sistema operativo

8 Struttura monolitica

– unix original

SOMMARIO

Approccio a livelli (stratificato)

Microkernel

Moduli

Sistemi ibridi

Capitolo 3 – I processi

processo

Struttura di un processo in memoria

Programma

queue ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Deadlock _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Preemptive scheduling ____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Non-preemptive scheduling _______________________________________________________________________________ 12Round-robin scheduling ___________________________________________________________________________________ 12Priority scheduling ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Shortest Job First (SJF) scheduling ________________________________________________________________________ 12First-Come, First-Served (FCFS) scheduling _________________________________________________________________ 12Multilevel Queue scheduling ______________________________________________________________________________ 12Multilevel Feedback Queue scheduling _____________________________________________________________________ 12Real-time scheduling _____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Context switch ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Inter-process communication ______________________________________________________________________________ 12Synchronization __________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Mutual exclusion ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Semaphore _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Mutex ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Deadlock avoidance _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Deadlock detection ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Deadlock recovery ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Page fault _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Virtual memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Demand paging ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Page replacement algorithm _______________________________________________________________________________ 12FIFO (First-In, First-Out) page replacement algorithm ________________________________________________________ 12LRU (Least Recently Used) page replacement algorithm ______________________________________________________ 12LFU (Least Frequently Used) page replacement algorithm _____________________________________________________ 12Belady's anomaly ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache memory ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache hit ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache miss _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache mapping techniques ________________________________________________________________________________ 12Direct mapping __________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Associative mapping _____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Set-associative mapping _________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache replacement algorithm _____________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-back policy ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-through policy _____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache hierarchy _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache synchronization ____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence protocols _______________________________________________________________________________ 12MESI protocol __________________________________________________________________________________________ 12MOESI protocol ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Snooping protocol _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory hierarchy _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Main memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Secondary memory _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Virtual memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache memory ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Registers ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Instruction cache ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Data cache _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory management unit (MMU) _________________________________________________________________________ 12Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB) ______________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache replacement algorithm _____________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-back policy ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-through policy _____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache hierarchy _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache synchronization ____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence protocols _______________________________________________________________________________ 12MESI protocol __________________________________________________________________________________________ 12MOESI protocol ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Snooping protocol _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory hierarchy _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Main memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Secondary memory _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Virtual memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache memory ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Registers ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Instruction cache ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Data cache _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory management unit (MMU) _________________________________________________________________________ 12Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB) ______________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache replacement algorithm _____________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-back policy ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-through policy _____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache hierarchy _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache synchronization ____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence protocols _______________________________________________________________________________ 12MESI protocol __________________________________________________________________________________________ 12MOESI protocol ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Snooping protocol _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory hierarchy _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Main memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Secondary memory _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Virtual memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache memory ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Registers ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Instruction cache ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Data cache _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory management unit (MMU) _________________________________________________________________________ 12Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB) ______________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache replacement algorithm _____________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-back policy ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-through policy _____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache hierarchy _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache synchronization ____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence protocols _______________________________________________________________________________ 12MESI protocol __________________________________________________________________________________________ 12MOESI protocol ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Snooping protocol _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory hierarchy _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Main memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Secondary memory _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Virtual memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache memory ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Registers ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Instruction cache ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Data cache _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory management unit (MMU) _________________________________________________________________________ 12Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB) ______________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache replacement algorithm _____________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-back policy ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-through policy _____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache hierarchy _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache synchronization ____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence protocols _______________________________________________________________________________ 12MESI protocol __________________________________________________________________________________________ 12MOESI protocol ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Snooping protocol _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory hierarchy _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Main memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Secondary memory _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Virtual memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache memory ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Registers ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Instruction cache ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Data cache _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory management unit (MMU) _________________________________________________________________________ 12Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB) ______________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache replacement algorithm _____________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-back policy ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-through policy _____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache hierarchy _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache synchronization ____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence protocols _______________________________________________________________________________ 12MESI protocol __________________________________________________________________________________________ 12MOESI protocol ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Snooping protocol _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory hierarchy _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Main memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Secondary memory _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Virtual memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache memory ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Registers ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Instruction cache ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Data cache _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory management unit (MMU) _________________________________________________________________________ 12Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB) ______________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache replacement algorithm _____________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-back policy ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-through policy _____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache hierarchy _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache synchronization ____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence protocols _______________________________________________________________________________ 12MESI protocol __________________________________________________________________________________________ 12MOESI protocol ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Snooping protocol _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory hierarchy _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Main memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Secondary memory _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Virtual memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache memory ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Registers ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Instruction cache ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Data cache _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory management unit (MMU) _________________________________________________________________________ 12Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB) ______________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache replacement algorithm _____________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-back policy ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-through policy _____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache hierarchy _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache synchronization ____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence protocols _______________________________________________________________________________ 12MESI protocol __________________________________________________________________________________________ 12MOESI protocol ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Snooping protocol _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory hierarchy _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Main memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Secondary memory _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Virtual memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache memory ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Registers ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Instruction cache ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Data cache _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory management unit (MMU) _________________________________________________________________________ 12Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB) ______________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache replacement algorithm _____________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-back policy ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-through policy _____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache hierarchy _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache synchronization ____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence protocols _______________________________________________________________________________ 12MESI protocol __________________________________________________________________________________________ 12MOESI protocol ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Snooping protocol _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory hierarchy _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Main memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Secondary memory _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Virtual memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache memory ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Registers ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Instruction cache ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Data cache _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory management unit (MMU) _________________________________________________________________________ 12Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB) ______________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache replacement algorithm _____________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-back policy ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-through policy _____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache hierarchy _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache synchronization ____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence protocols _______________________________________________________________________________ 12MESI protocol __________________________________________________________________________________________ 12MOESI protocol ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Snooping protocol _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory hierarchy _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Main memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Secondary memory _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Virtual memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache memory ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Registers ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Instruction cache ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Data cache _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory management unit (MMU) _________________________________________________________________________ 12Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB) ______________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache replacement algorithm _____________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-back policy ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-through policy _____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache hierarchy _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache synchronization ____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence protocols _______________________________________________________________________________ 12MESI protocol __________________________________________________________________________________________ 12MOESI protocol ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Snooping protocol _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory hierarchy _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Main memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Secondary memory _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Virtual memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache memory ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Registers ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Instruction cache ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Data cache _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory management unit (MMU) _________________________________________________________________________ 12Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB) ______________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache replacement algorithm _____________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-back policy ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-through policy _____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache hierarchy _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache synchronization ____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence protocols _______________________________________________________________________________ 12MESI protocol __________________________________________________________________________________________ 12MOESI protocol ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Snooping protocol _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory hierarchy _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Main memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Secondary memory _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Virtual memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache memory ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Registers ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Instruction cache ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Data cache _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory management unit (MMU) _________________________________________________________________________ 12Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB) ______________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache replacement algorithm _____________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-back policy ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-through policy _____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache hierarchy _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache synchronization ____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence protocols _______________________________________________________________________________ 12MESI protocol __________________________________________________________________________________________ 12MOESI protocol ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Snooping protocol _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory hierarchy _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Main memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Secondary memory _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Virtual memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache memory ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Registers ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Instruction cache ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Data cache _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory management unit (MMU) _________________________________________________________________________ 12Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB) ______________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache replacement algorithm _____________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-back policy ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-through policy _____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache hierarchy _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache synchronization ____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence protocols _______________________________________________________________________________ 12MESI protocol __________________________________________________________________________________________ 12MOESI protocol ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Snooping protocol _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory hierarchy _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Main memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Secondary memory _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Virtual memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache memory ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Registers ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Instruction cache ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Data cache _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory management unit (MMU) _________________________________________________________________________ 12Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB) ______________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache replacement algorithm _____________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-back policy ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-through policy _____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache hierarchy _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache synchronization ____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence protocols _______________________________________________________________________________ 12MESI protocol __________________________________________________________________________________________ 12MOESI protocol ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Snooping protocol _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory hierarchy _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Main memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Secondary memory _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Virtual memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache memory ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Registers ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Instruction cache ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Data cache _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory management unit (MMU) _________________________________________________________________________ 12Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB) ______________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache replacement algorithm _____________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-back policy ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-through policy _____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache hierarchy _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache synchronization ____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence protocols _______________________________________________________________________________ 12MESI protocol __________________________________________________________________________________________ 12MOESI protocol ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Snooping protocol _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory hierarchy _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Main memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Secondary memory _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Virtual memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache memory ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Registers ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Instruction cache ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Data cache _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory management unit (MMU) _________________________________________________________________________ 12Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB) ______________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache replacement algorithm _____________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-back policy ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-through policy _____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache hierarchy _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache synchronization ____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence protocols _______________________________________________________________________________ 12MESI protocol __________________________________________________________________________________________ 12MOESI protocol ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Snooping protocol _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory hierarchy _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Main memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Secondary memory _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Virtual memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache memory ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Registers ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Instruction cache ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Data cache _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory management unit (MMU) _________________________________________________________________________ 12Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB) ______________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache replacement algorithm _____________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-back policy ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-through policy _____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache hierarchy _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache synchronization ____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence protocols _______________________________________________________________________________ 12MESI protocol __________________________________________________________________________________________ 12MOESI protocol ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Snooping protocol _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory hierarchy _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Main memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Secondary memory _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Virtual memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache memory ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Registers ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Instruction cache ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Data cache _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory management unit (MMU) _________________________________________________________________________ 12Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB) ______________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache replacement algorithm _____________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-back policy ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-through policy _____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache hierarchy _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache synchronization ____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence protocols _______________________________________________________________________________ 12MESI protocol __________________________________________________________________________________________ 12MOESI protocol ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Snooping protocol _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory hierarchy _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Main memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Secondary memory _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Virtual memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache memory ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Registers ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Instruction cache ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Data cache _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory management unit (MMU) _________________________________________________________________________ 12Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB) ______________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache replacement algorithm _____________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-back policy ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-through policy _____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache hierarchy _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache synchronization ____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence protocols _______________________________________________________________________________ 12MESI protocol __________________________________________________________________________________________ 12MOESI protocol ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Snooping protocol _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory hierarchy _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Main memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Secondary memory _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Virtual memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache memory ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Registers ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Instruction cache ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Data cache _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory management unit (MMU) _________________________________________________________________________ 12Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB) ______________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache replacement algorithm _____________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-back policy ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-through policy _____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache hierarchy _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache synchronization ____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence protocols _______________________________________________________________________________ 12MESI protocol __________________________________________________________________________________________ 12MOESI protocol ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Snooping protocol _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory hierarchy _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Main memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Secondary memory _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Virtual memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache memory ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Registers ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Instruction cache ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Data cache _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory management unit (MMU) _________________________________________________________________________ 12Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB) ______________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache replacement algorithm _____________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-back policy ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-through policy _____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache hierarchy _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache synchronization ____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence protocols _______________________________________________________________________________ 12MESI protocol __________________________________________________________________________________________ 12MOESI protocol ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Snooping protocol _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory hierarchy _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Main memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Secondary memory _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Virtual memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache memory ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Registers ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Instruction cache ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Data cache _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory management unit (MMU) _________________________________________________________________________ 12Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB) ______________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache replacement algorithm _____________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-back policy ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-through policy _____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache hierarchy _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache synchronization ____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence protocols _______________________________________________________________________________ 12MESI protocol __________________________________________________________________________________________ 12MOESI protocol ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Snooping protocol _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory hierarchy _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Main memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Secondary memory _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Virtual memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache memory ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Registers ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Instruction cache ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Data cache _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory management unit (MMU) _________________________________________________________________________ 12Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB) ______________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache replacement algorithm _____________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-back policy ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-through policy _____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache hierarchy _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache synchronization ____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence protocols _______________________________________________________________________________ 12MESI protocol __________________________________________________________________________________________ 12MOESI protocol ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Snooping protocol _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory hierarchy _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Main memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Secondary memory _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Virtual memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache memory ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Registers ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Instruction cache ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Data cache _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory management unit (MMU) _________________________________________________________________________ 12Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB) ______________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache replacement algorithm _____________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-back policy ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-through policy _____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache hierarchy _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache synchronization ____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence protocols _______________________________________________________________________________ 12MESI protocol __________________________________________________________________________________________ 12MOESI protocol ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Snooping protocol _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory hierarchy _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Main memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Secondary memory _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Virtual memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache memory ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Registers ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Instruction cache ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Data cache _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory management unit (MMU) _________________________________________________________________________ 12Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB) ______________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache replacement algorithm _____________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-back policy ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-through policy _____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache hierarchy _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache synchronization ____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence protocols _______________________________________________________________________________ 12MESI protocol __________________________________________________________________________________________ 12MOESI protocol ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Snooping protocol _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory hierarchy _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Main memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Secondary memory _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Virtual memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache memory ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Registers ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Instruction cache ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Data cache _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory management unit (MMU) _________________________________________________________________________ 12Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB) ______________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache replacement algorithm _____________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-back policy ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-through policy _____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache hierarchy _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache synchronization ____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence protocols _______________________________________________________________________________ 12MESI protocol __________________________________________________________________________________________ 12MOESI protocol ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Snooping protocol _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory hierarchy _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Main memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Secondary memory _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Virtual memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache memory ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Registers ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Instruction cache ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Data cache _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory management unit (MMU) _________________________________________________________________________ 12Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB) ______________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache replacement algorithm _____________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-back policy ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-through policy _____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache hierarchy _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache synchronization ____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence protocols _______________________________________________________________________________ 12MESI protocol __________________________________________________________________________________________ 12MOESI protocol ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Snooping protocol _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory hierarchy _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Main memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Secondary memory _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Virtual memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache memory ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Registers ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Instruction cache ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Data cache _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory management unit (MMU) _________________________________________________________________________ 12Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB) ______________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache replacement algorithm _____________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-back policy ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-through policy _____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache hierarchy _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache synchronization ____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence protocols _______________________________________________________________________________ 12MESI protocol __________________________________________________________________________________________ 12MOESI protocol ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Snooping protocol _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory hierarchy _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Main memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Secondary memory _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Virtual memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache memory ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Registers ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Instruction cache ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Data cache _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory management unit (MMU) _________________________________________________________________________ 12Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB) ______________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache replacement algorithm _____________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-back policy ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-through policy _____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache hierarchy _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache synchronization ____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence protocols _______________________________________________________________________________ 12MESI protocol __________________________________________________________________________________________ 12MOESI protocol ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Snooping protocol _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory hierarchy _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Main memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Secondary memory _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Virtual memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache memory ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Registers ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Instruction cache ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Data cache _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory management unit (MMU) _________________________________________________________________________ 12Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB) ______________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache replacement algorithm _____________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-back policy ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-through policy _____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache hierarchy _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache synchronization ____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence protocols _______________________________________________________________________________ 12MESI protocol __________________________________________________________________________________________ 12MOESI protocol ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Snooping protocol _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory hierarchy _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Main memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Secondary memory _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Virtual memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache memory ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Registers ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Instruction cache ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Data cache _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory management unit (MMU) _________________________________________________________________________ 12Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB) ______________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache replacement algorithm _____________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-back policy ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-through policy _____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache hierarchy _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache synchronization ____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence protocols _______________________________________________________________________________ 12MESI protocol __________________________________________________________________________________________ 12MOESI protocol ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Snooping protocol _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory hierarchy _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Main memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Secondary memory _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Virtual memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache memory ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Registers ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Instruction cache ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Data cache _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory management unit (MMU) _________________________________________________________________________ 12Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB) ______________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache replacement algorithm _____________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-back policy ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-through policy _____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache hierarchy _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache synchronization ____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence protocols _______________________________________________________________________________ 12MESI protocol __________________________________________________________________________________________ 12MOESI protocol ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Snooping protocol _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory hierarchy _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Main memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Secondary memory _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Virtual memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache memory ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Registers ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Instruction cache ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Data cache _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory management unit (MMU) _________________________________________________________________________ 12Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB) ______________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache replacement algorithm _____________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-back policy ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-through policy _____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache hierarchy _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache synchronization ____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence protocols _______________________________________________________________________________ 12MESI protocol __________________________________________________________________________________________ 12MOESI protocol ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Snooping protocol _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory hierarchy _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Main memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Secondary memory _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Virtual memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache memory ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Registers ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Instruction cache ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Data cache _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory management unit (MMU) _________________________________________________________________________ 12Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB) ______________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache replacement algorithm _____________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-back policy ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-through policy _____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache hierarchy _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache synchronization ____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence protocols _______________________________________________________________________________ 12MESI protocol __________________________________________________________________________________________ 12MOESI protocol ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Snooping protocol _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory hierarchy _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Main memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Secondary memory _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Virtual memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache memory ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Registers ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Instruction cache ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Data cache _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory management unit (MMU) _________________________________________________________________________ 12Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB) ______________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache replacement algorithm _____________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-back policy ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-through policy _____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache hierarchy _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache synchronization ____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence protocols _______________________________________________________________________________ 12MESI protocol __________________________________________________________________________________________ 12MOESI protocol ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Snooping protocol _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory hierarchy _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Main memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Secondary memory _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Virtual memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache memory ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Registers ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Instruction cache ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Data cache _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory management unit (MMU) _________________________________________________________________________ 12Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB) ______________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache replacement algorithm _____________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-back policy ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-through policy _____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache hierarchy _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache synchronization ____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence protocols _______________________________________________________________________________ 12MESI protocol __________________________________________________________________________________________ 12MOESI protocol ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Snooping protocol _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory hierarchy _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Main memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Secondary memory _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Virtual memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache memory ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Registers ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Instruction cache ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Data cache _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory management unit (MMU) _________________________________________________________________________ 12Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB) ______________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache replacement algorithm _____________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-back policy ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-through policy _____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache hierarchy _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache synchronization ____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence protocols _______________________________________________________________________________ 12MESI protocol __________________________________________________________________________________________ 12MOESI protocol ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Snooping protocol _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory hierarchy _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Main memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Secondary memory _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Virtual memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache memory ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Registers ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Instruction cache ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Data cache _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory management unit (MMU) _________________________________________________________________________ 12Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB) ______________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache replacement algorithm _____________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-back policy ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-through policy _____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache hierarchy _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache synchronization ____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence protocols _______________________________________________________________________________ 12MESI protocol __________________________________________________________________________________________ 12MOESI protocol ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Snooping protocol _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory hierarchy _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Main memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Secondary memory _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Virtual memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache memory ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Registers ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Instruction cache ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Data cache _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory management unit (MMU) _________________________________________________________________________ 12Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB) ______________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache replacement algorithm _____________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-back policy ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-through policy _____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache hierarchy _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache synchronization ____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence protocols _______________________________________________________________________________ 12MESI protocol __________________________________________________________________________________________ 12MOESI protocol ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Snooping protocol _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory hierarchy _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Main memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Secondary memory _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Virtual memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache memory ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Registers ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Instruction cache ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Data cache _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory management unit (MMU) _________________________________________________________________________ 12Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB) ______________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache replacement algorithm _____________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-back policy ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-through policy _____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache hierarchy _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache synchronization ____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence protocols _______________________________________________________________________________ 12MESI protocol __________________________________________________________________________________________ 12MOESI protocol ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Snooping protocol _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory hierarchy _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Main memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Secondary memory _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Virtual memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache memory ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Registers ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Instruction cache ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Data cache _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory management unit (MMU) _________________________________________________________________________ 12Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB) ______________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache replacement algorithm _____________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-back policy ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-through policy _____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache hierarchy _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache synchronization ____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence protocols _______________________________________________________________________________ 12MESI protocol __________________________________________________________________________________________ 12MOESI protocol ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Snooping protocol _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory hierarchy _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Main memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Secondary memory _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Virtual memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache memory ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Registers ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Instruction cache ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Data cache _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory management unit (MMU) _________________________________________________________________________ 12Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB) ______________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache replacement algorithm _____________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-back policy ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-through policy _____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache hierarchy _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache synchronization ____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence protocols _______________________________________________________________________________ 12MESI protocol __________________________________________________________________________________________ 12MOESI protocol ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Snooping protocol _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory hierarchy _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Main memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Secondary memory _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Virtual memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache memory ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Registers ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Instruction cache ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Data cache _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory management unit (MMU) _________________________________________________________________________ 12Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB) ______________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache replacement algorithm _____________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-back policy ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-through policy _____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache hierarchy _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache synchronization ____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence protocols _______________________________________________________________________________ 12MESI protocol __________________________________________________________________________________________ 12MOESI protocol ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Snooping protocol _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory hierarchy _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Main memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Secondary memory _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Virtual memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache memory ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Registers ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Instruction cache ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Data cache _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory management unit (MMU) _________________________________________________________________________ 12Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB) ______________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache replacement algorithm _____________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-back policy ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-through policy _____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache hierarchy _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache synchronization ____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence protocols _______________________________________________________________________________ 12MESI protocol __________________________________________________________________________________________ 12MOESI protocol ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Snooping protocol _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory hierarchy _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Main memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Secondary memory _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Virtual memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache memory ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Registers ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Instruction cache ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Data cache _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory management unit (MMU) _________________________________________________________________________ 12Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB) ______________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache replacement algorithm _____________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-back policy ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-through policy _____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache hierarchy _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache synchronization ____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence protocols _______________________________________________________________________________ 12MESI protocol __________________________________________________________________________________________ 12MOESI protocol ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Snooping protocol _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory hierarchy _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Main memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Secondary memory _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Virtual memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache memory ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Registers ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Instruction cache ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Data cache _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory management unit (MMU) _________________________________________________________________________ 12Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB) ______________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache replacement algorithm _____________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-back policy ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-through policy _____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache hierarchy _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache synchronization ____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence protocols _______________________________________________________________________________ 12MESI protocol __________________________________________________________________________________________ 12MOESI protocol ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Snooping protocol _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory hierarchy _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Main memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Secondary memory _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Virtual memory ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache memory ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Registers ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Instruction cache ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Data cache _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Memory management unit (MMU) _________________________________________________________________________ 12Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB) ______________________________________________________________________ 12Cache coherence _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache consistency _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache replacement algorithm _____________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-back policy ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Write-through policy _____________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache hierarchy _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12Cache synchronization ____________________________________________________________________________________ 12

• queue
• Diagramma di accodamento
• Context switch
• Operazioni sui processi
• Creazione di un processo
• Terminazione di un processo
• architettura multiprocesso - chrome browser
• comunicazione tra processi
• Processo indipendente
• Processo

cooperante

13Memoria condivisa

13Scambio di messaggi

13Interprocess communication a memoria condivisa

14Problema produttore-consumatore

14Interprocess Communication a scambio di messaggi

SOMMARIO

Comunicazione diretta

14Comunicazione indiretta

15Sincronizzazione

15Posix

15Pipes

15Capitolo 4 – Thread e concorrenza

16thread

16motivazioni