Concetti Chiave
- The food pyramid structure emphasizes the importance of cereals, which provide carbohydrates, proteins, vitamins, and minerals, promoting satiety and reducing fat intake.
- Vegetables and fruits, rich in fibers, vitamins, and minerals, are essential for daily consumption to support digestive health and disease prevention.
- The second level includes animal-derived foods like milk, cheese, meat, fish, and eggs, along with legumes, offering necessary proteins and minerals.
- Fats and added sugars occupy the pyramid's top, suggesting limited consumption compared to other food groups.
- Vegetables are categorized into families such as Solanaceae, Cabbage, Ombrelifere, Cuccurbitacee, Composed, Liliaceous, Legumes, and Labiatae, highlighting diversity in dietary choices.
• At the base lie the cereals and their derivatives: bread, pasta, rice. Are the mainstay of our diet. Contain mostly carbohydrates, an excellent source of energy, plus a fair amount of vegetable protein, vitamins, minerals. Cereals, starchy and dietary fibre, they give a feeling of satiety and reduce consumption of fats.
• On the first floor are still foods of plant origin: vegetables and fruits. Should be consumed every day because we provide minerals, vitamins and they are very high in fiber.
Recall that the fibers are necessary for a correct intestinal operation and for prevention of various diseases of the digestive system.• On the second floor there are two groups of mostly foods of animal origin: milk and cheese on one side; meat, fish and eggs. Are legumes, plants, but rich in protein. All these foods provide us with proteins that the body needs and mineral substances.
• At the top of the pyramid are fats (oil, butter etc) and added sugars (candy, ice cream, drinks etc).
The shape of the pyramid also gives us indications on the amount of food from each group to be consumed throughout the day: many cereals, plenty of fruits and vegetables, a certain amount of foodstuffs of animal origin, fats and added sugars.
Vegetables
Most vegetables consumed belong to the following families:
• Solanaceae: tomatoes, peppers, potatoes, Eggplant etc
• Cabbage: cabbage, radishes, turnips etc
• Ombrelifere: ryes, carrots, parsley, fennel etc.
• Cuccurbitacee: squash, zucchini, cucumbers, melons, watermelons etc.
• Composed: all salads, artichokes, etc.
• Liliaceous plant: garlic, onions etc
• Legumes: chickpeas, beans and green beans, lentils, peas, beans etc.
• Labiatae: spices are used almost exclusively for seasoning foods because they are aromatic, among them basil, mint etc.
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