Caduta muro di Berlino

16/09/22, 11:12 Tesina Bosetti Elisa

Una parte del Muro di Berlino collocata di fronte al Parlamento Europeo a Bruxelles, Belgio.

Il Muro di Berlino ebbe ovviamente un forte impatto emotivo, sociale e culturale, non

solo sui cittadini di Berlino o della Germania, ma anche nel resto del mondo. Al

momento della sua erezione il muro separò, apparentemente per sempre, famiglie e

amicizie, lasciando entrambe le metà della città, dopo l'incredulità iniziale, nello

sconforto e nella disperazione.

Divenne la rappresentazione fisica della Cortina di Ferro che separava in due l'Europa

durante la Guerra Fredda, il muro di una stramba prigione nella quale i reclusi erano

in realtà liberi.

A partire dagli anni '80, alcuni artisti famosi come Keith Haring e Thierry Noir

iniziarono a dipingere il lato del muro che dava su Berlino Ovest, in seguito migliaia di

artisti, conosciuti e sconosciuti, utilizzarono il muro per i loro progetti artistici. Il muro

si coprì quasi interamente di murales, dalle semplici scritte a disegni molto elaborati e

ben eseguiti, alcuni dei quali si guandagnarono una certa notorietà. La East-Side-

Gallery lunga più di 1 Km che fu pitturata subito dopo il crollo del muro, è stata

definita la più grande galleria di pittura all'aria aperta del mondo. Purtroppo pochi dei

hanno resistito al tempo e ai turisti che continuano a scrivere i loro nomi sul

murales

muro. La città di Berlino, notoriamente a corto di fondi, ha investito pochissimo nel

restauro del muro e nel 2000 solo alcuni dei dipinti furono restaurati e protetti dai

vandali. Malgrado siano protette dalle leggi sulla tutela dei monumenti, non è chiaro

quale sia il destino di queste parti del muro.

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16/09/22, 11:12 Tesina Bosetti Elisa

Ricordo dei caduti nella "striscia della morte".

Torna al percorso.

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16/09/22, 11:12 Tesina Bosetti Elisa

Storia: Guerra Fredda,

erezione e caduta del muro di

Berlino.

Alcuni murales resistiti nel

tempo.

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16/09/22, 11:12 Tesina Bosetti Elisa

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16/09/22, 11:12 Tesina Bosetti Elisa

Torna agli Aspetti Sociali.

Video di ciò che rimane oggi.

Vai al percorso.

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16/09/22, 11:12 Tesina Bosetti Elisa

Inglese: Martin Luther King and the

problem of racial minorities in the

USA.

Rout didactic.

Speech of Martin Luther King.

1.

2. The problem of racial minorities in the USA.

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Torna all'elenco delle materie.

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16/09/22, 11:12 Tesina Bosetti Elisa

Inglese: Martin Luther King and the

problem of racial minorities in the

USA.

Speech of Martin Luther

King.

"I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up and live out the true meaning of its

creed. "We hold these truths to be self-evident that all men are created equal."

I have a dream that one day out on the red hills of Georgia the sons of former slaves and

the sons of former slaveowners will be able to sit down together at the table of

brotherhood.

I have a dream that one day even the state of Mississippi, a desert state sweltering with the

heat and injustice of oppression, will be transformed into an oasis of freedom and justice.

I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not

be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character.

I have a dream today.

I have a dream that one day the state of Alabama, whose governor’s lips are presently

dripping with the words of interposition and nullification, will be transformed into a

situation where little black boys and black girls will be able to join hands with little white

boys and white girls and walk together as sisters and brothers.

I have a dream today.

I have a dream that one day every valley shall be exalted, every hill and mountain shall be

made low, the rough places will be made plains and the crooked places will be made

straight and the glory of the Lord shall be revealed and all flesh shall see it together.

This is our hope. This is the faith with which I return to the South. With this faith we will

be able to hew out of the mountain of despair a stone of hope. With this faith we will be

able to transform the jangling discords of our nation into a beautiful symphony of

brotherhood.

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With this faith we will be able to work together, to pray together, to struggle together, to go

to jail together, to stand up for freedom together, knowing that we will be free one day.

This will be the day when all of God’s children will be able to sing with new meaning "My

country ’tis of thee, sweet land of liberty, of thee I sing. Land where my fathers died, land

of the Pilgrim’s pride, from every mountainside, let freedom ring!"

And if America is to be a great nation, this must become true. So let freedom ring from the

prodigious hilltops of New Hampshire. Let freedom ring from the mighty mountains of

New York.

Let freedom ring from the heightening Alleghenies of Pennsylvania.

Let freedom ring from the snow-capped Rockies of Colorado.

Let freedom ring from the curvaceous peaks of California.

But not only that, let freedom, ring from Stone Mountain of Georgia.

Let freedom ring from Lookout Mountain of Tennessee.

Let freedom ring from every hill and molehill of Mississippi. From every mountainside, let

freedom ring.

When we let freedom ring, when we let it ring from every village and every hamlet, from

every state and every city, we will be able to speed up that day when all of God’s children,

black men and white men, Jews and Gentiles, Protestants and Catholics, will be able to

join hands and sing in the words of the old Negro spiritual, "Free at last, free at last.

Thank God Almighty, we are free at last."

The problem of racial minorities in the USA.

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Inglese: Martin Luther King and the

problem of racial minorities in the

USA.

The problem of racial

minorities in the USA.

King was a minister and leader in the black man's flight for civil rights. He fought

against the injustice of the white society which was reluctant to grant the Negro

equality.

He won the Nobel Price in 1964. He made many speeches and wrote a books; among

them: "Stride towards Freedom", "Why we can't wait", "Where do we go from here:

chaos and community".

During his twelve years of lerdership in the civil rights movement, he received many

threats.

He was assassinated in Memphis, Tennessee on April 4, 1968.

In August 1963 the black civil rights movement organised a march. More than 200.000

people gathered in front of the Lincoln Memorial, in Washington.

Martin Luther King pronunced his famous speech: "I have a dream.." which is

considered a manifesto in favour of freedom and justice for black people.

The speech is sample and in some way unique, it often refers to the Bible.

I'm going to analize some parts:

When M.L.King He means:

says: The people of this

"this nation will rise up country will realize that

and live out the true

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16/09/22, 11:12 Tesina Bosetti Elisa

God has created

meaning of its creed 'We everyman equal.

hold these truths to be

self-evident: that all men

are created equal"

"one day out on the red In Georgia the

hills of Georgia the sons descendants of slaves

of former slaves and the and of their owners will

sons of former think of each other as

slaveowners will be able to brothers.

sit down together at the

table of brotherhood."

even Mississippi,a State, Some day Mississippi,

sweltering with the heat which is now an

and injustice, sweltering oppressing state, will

with the heat of become a place freedom

oppression, will be and justice.

transformed into an oasis

of freedom and justice.”

“my four children will one Our descendants will

day live in a nation where live in a country where

they will not be judged by people will be esteemed

the color of their skin but for their real value.

by the content of their

character."

“This will be the day when At some time in the

all of God's children will future we will be able to

be able to sing with new think of this country as

meaning 'My country' tis of a land of liberty.

thee, sweet land of liberty,

of thee I sing.” Let’s apply the rules of

“let freedom ring” freedom and equality.

”we will bw able to speed We will accelerate the

up that day when all of coming of the day when

God’s children will be able everyone in this country

to join hands and sing in will be able to say

the words of the old Negro “Thanks God I am

spiritual, ^free at last! free”.

Thank God Almighty, we

are free at last!”

After a short time from this speech, the US Congress passed laws concerning the

discrimination in voting, education, employment and housing.

In 2001, 38% of black people held "white-collar" jobs rather than service jobs or

manual labor.

In a some year a number of high schools were enrolled in college.

However, the problem hasn't reached a real solution: the average salary of blacks is

lower than that of white, and the unemployment is higher.

Many blacks Americans are still trapped in suburban areas with problems of housing

drug and crime. The question requires further remedials.

Since 1990 there has been a public debate about the effective needs of black people.

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16/09/22, 11:12 Tesina Bosetti Elisa

Perhaps the greatest change nowadays, is in the American citizen behaviour; especially

the young who, after King's "I have a dream..", have respect for all needs and accept

black people in everyday life.

Speech of Martin Luther King.

Rout didactic.

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16/09/22, 11:12 Tesina Bosetti Elisa

Italiano:Wolf Biermann.

Percorso.

Vita dell'autore.

1.

2. Lettera dell'autore in lingua originale: Ein Biref

uber den Fall der Maurer (1989).

3. Lettera dell'autore tradotta in italiano.

4. Commento.

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Torna all'elenco delle materie.

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16/09/22, 11:12 Tesina Bosetti Elisa

Italiano:Wolf Biermann.

Vita dell'autore.

Wolf Biermann nasce ad Amburgo il 15/11/1936. Il padre Dagobert Biermann, operaio

ai cantieri navali e militante comunista, muore trucidato in un campo di

concentramento nazista nel 1943. A 17 anni Wolf decide di passare dall'altra parte della

Germania, poiché la Repubblica Federale Tedesca gli appare ancora troppo invischiata

culturalmente e politicamente con il recente tremendo passato. Entra a far parte del

Berliner Ensemble fondato da Bertolt Brecht, dove assolve il compito di assistente alla

regìa, e inizia a scrivere poesie e canzoni. Studia filosofia e matematica e

contemporaneamente è allievo del musicista Hanns Eisler. La sua tendenza ad

esprimere nelle poesie, nelle canzoni e nelle ballate, in modo ironico e sarcastico, la

discrepanza fra esigenza e realtà della Rdt, gli procura, nel 1965, dopo la pubblicazione

di alcune poesie su periodici e antologie della Rdt e un'apparizione al teatro di cabaret

"Die Distel " (Il Cardo), a Berlino est, il divieto di pubblicazione e di esibizione in