Concetti Chiave
- Victorian children, especially from poor families, faced hard labor in factories for up to sixteen hours daily without any insurance or support in case of accidents.
- Living conditions were dire, with many children residing near factories in unhealthy flats or on the streets, often leading to malnutrition and high infant mortality rates.
- Common illnesses like cholera and tuberculosis were rampant due to poor hygiene and polluted environments, particularly in industrialized cities like London.
- Rich children enjoyed a starkly different lifestyle, with access to education at prestigious schools, leisure activities, and a comfortable living environment.
- The Education Act of 1870 marked a significant change, offering schooling to all children aged 5 to 13, although educational content varied between boys and girls.
Victorian children
During the Victorian Age (1837-1901) children had an unhappy life. They worked hard to help their parents because families were very poor. They were often forced to work as soon as they could walk. They worked in factories for twelve to sixteen hours a day, for six days a week. There was no insurance and when children had accidents they didn't have any help. They couldn't talk, sit or look out of the window while they worked.
They lived near factories and in unhealthy flats or in suburbs with poor hygiene.
Children had bad nutrition. They ate some bread, pork, milk or cheese. This favored infant mortality and diseases. In 1830 children could become ill with cholera when they drank water. Conditions of life were very difficult, especially in London where streets were dirty and the Industrial Revolution caused pollution. Children lived in the street and many of them were very ill. They often had tuberculosis. The rate of mortality was very high.
Rich children (sons of bankers, merchants or industrials) lived in beautiful suburbs, sometimes in private hotels. They didn't need to work; they went on holidays, were clean and well dressed.They played with toy soldiers and marbles, rocking horses and train sets. Also in this period icicles began to be very popular. Girls played especially with china dolls.
Rich children went to famous schools like Eton where education was very strict.Typical lessons at school included the three RS: Reading, Writing and Arithmetic. Once a week the children learned Geography, History and Singing. The girls didn't have the same education as boys. They learned how to sew and how to become good wives and mothers.
Only in 1870, thanks to the Education Act, school was for all children between the age of 5 and 13.
Domande da interrogazione
- ¿Cómo era la vida de los niños durante la Era Victoriana?
- ¿Qué diferencias existían entre los niños ricos y pobres en la Era Victoriana?
- ¿Qué cambios introdujo la Ley de Educación de 1870?
Durante la Era Victoriana, los niños tenían una vida infeliz, trabajando largas horas en fábricas o en las calles debido a la pobreza de sus familias. Vivían en condiciones insalubres y sufrían de mala nutrición, lo que aumentaba la mortalidad infantil y las enfermedades.
Los niños ricos vivían en suburbios hermosos, no necesitaban trabajar y asistían a escuelas famosas. En contraste, los niños pobres trabajaban largas horas por poco dinero y vivían en condiciones insalubres, a menudo en las calles.
La Ley de Educación de 1870 estableció que la escuela era obligatoria para todos los niños entre 5 y 13 años, lo que marcó un cambio significativo en el acceso a la educación durante la Era Victoriana.
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