Concetti Chiave
- The disillusionment post-World War I led to a rejection of Victorian positivism, affecting faith in religion, science, and philosophy.
- Key scientific and psychological theories, like Einstein's Theory of Relativity and Freud's psychoanalysis, shifted perspectives on reality and the unconscious mind.
- Modernism, an early 20th-century European movement, sought to break from tradition through artistic experimentation and subjective expression.
- Modernist artists prioritized color, form, and subjective experience over natural representation, embracing primitivism.
- The modernist novel challenged Victorian conventions, emphasizing fragmented time, psychological truths, and innovative narrative structures.
For many people the experience of the World War I shattered their faith in religion, science, progress and philosophy, this because in the Victorian Age there was a positivist sight of world and a science based on the principle of stability.
In this period were published studies that take the distance from the old ideas: for example the Theory of Relativity of Albert Einstein. A fundamental influence on artists were the new theories on the unconscious generally know as psychoanalysis of Freud, who considered the human mind as a dynamic force originating in instinct and repressed desire.
Modernism is an European movement which is collocated in the first part of 20 century.
It involved all forms of art. All the aspects of Modernism have in common the desire to make a clean break with the tradition which came before through experimentation, and the shift from objective perception of reality into a subjective one.During the Modernist movement artists relied more and more on color and form rather than the representation of the natural world: they exalted subjective experience and primitivism.
The modernist novel broke with most of the conventions which had typified Victorian fiction.
Some of the most important characteristics are:
- The breakdown of traditional literary genres
- The fragmentation of the traditional ideas of places and time: instead of the clearly distinct ideas of past present and future writers began to conceive of time as a continuous flux in which only individual consciousness identifies significant moments, which was called from Virginia Woolf “moments of being”.
- The collapse of the traditional plot with a story that has a beginning and an end.
- The use of complex language which often defies traditional syntax, grammar and punctuation.
- A new idea by which literature had to emphasize the psychological truth rather than realistic details.
- The use of classical myth to compensate the lack in belief in anything.
- The adoption of free verse instead of traditional metres.
Domande da interrogazione
- Quali sono le influenze principali che hanno portato al Modernismo?
- Quali sono le caratteristiche distintive del romanzo modernista?
- In che modo gli artisti modernisti si sono allontanati dalla tradizione?
Il Modernismo è stato influenzato dalla perdita di fiducia nella religione, nella scienza e nella filosofia dopo la Prima Guerra Mondiale, dalle teorie della relatività di Einstein e dalla psicoanalisi di Freud.
Il romanzo modernista si distingue per la frammentazione dei generi letterari tradizionali, la concezione del tempo come flusso continuo, l'uso di un linguaggio complesso e la focalizzazione sulla verità psicologica piuttosto che sui dettagli realistici.
Gli artisti modernisti si sono allontanati dalla tradizione attraverso la sperimentazione, esaltando l'esperienza soggettiva e il primitivismo, e utilizzando il colore e la forma piuttosto che la rappresentazione del mondo naturale.
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