Concetti Chiave
- James Joyce, influenced by French authors, emphasized the impersonality of the artist and detailed geographical and sociological elements in his works.
- His novels frequently begin "in medias res," focusing on introspection over description, using techniques like direct and indirect interior monologue and stream of consciousness.
- Joyce's style is realistic, with detailed moments he termed "epiphanies," where buried memories resurface suddenly.
- "A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man" is an autobiographical novel with Stephen Dedalus as the central figure, symbolizing Joyce's own life and struggles with the Church.
- The novel uses symbols such as flight, water, and labyrinth to represent escape, danger, and imprisonment, reflecting Stephen's rebellion against conservative Irish society.
JAMES JOYCE
James Joyce was a modernist. He was influenced by French authors as Flaubert and Baudelaire who believed in the impersonality of the artist. In Joyce geographical and sociological details are very important. His novels open in “medias res”, with the analysis of particular movement and the portrait of the characters is based on introspection rather than a description. He believed in impersonality of the author, so he use the DIRECT INTERIOR MONOLOGUE, the adoption of the characters thought is a monologue, the INDIRECT INTERIOR MONOLOGUE, present thoughts as seen from within the characters mind, but narrated in 3° person, and the STREAM OF CONSCIOUSNESS, a flow of thought free associates without apparent logical links.In the Joyce’s books, the style is realistic, whit a lot of details and moments. He called this moments “EPIPHANIES”, when details or moment buried (seppelliti) for years in one’s memory suddenly surface in one’s mind.
“A PORTRAIT OF THE ARTIST AS A YOUNG MAN”: the central figure is Stephen Dedauls. “A portrait of the artist as a young man” is an autobiographical novel because is based on the author’s life. Joyce and Stephen attended the same Jesuit college and break with the Church. This is a symbolic novel: in the story, Stephen escape from Ireland that represents the labyrinth. An implicit element of the myth is Dedalus’s son, Icaro, who felt into the sea because of his pride and arrogance. Joyce use symbols: FLIGHT signify escape from imprisonment; WATER mean danger and captivity (prigionia), LABIRINT signify the imprisonment of Ireland. Stephen, the first Christian martyr, who was stoned to death for preaching the new religion (Stephen thinks of accused of heresy himself as a victim of incomprehension of his own lord). Like a martyr, Stephen doesn’t retract his words of his conviction.
Stephen has the rebellious attitude to his teachers and school. Ireland was extremely conservative society. Stephen comes into conflict with key aspect of Irish life and culture. Romanic Catholic Church is described as physically repressive. Stephen has to struggle long and hard to free himself Ireland’s history and culture attract him, but in second time he realise that was only an other way to suffocated the individual.
Domande da interrogazione
- Quali sono le influenze letterarie di James Joyce?
- Come viene rappresentato il personaggio di Stephen Dedalus nel romanzo "A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man"?
- Quali tecniche narrative utilizza Joyce nei suoi romanzi?
James Joyce è stato influenzato da autori francesi come Flaubert e Baudelaire, che credevano nell'impersonalità dell'artista.
Stephen Dedalus è il protagonista del romanzo autobiografico di Joyce, che riflette la sua vita. Stephen frequenta lo stesso collegio gesuita di Joyce e si allontana dalla Chiesa, simboleggiando la fuga dall'Irlanda, vista come un labirinto.
Joyce utilizza il monologo interiore diretto, il monologo interiore indiretto e il flusso di coscienza per rappresentare i pensieri dei personaggi, mantenendo l'impersonalità dell'autore.
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