Space Systems Engineering And Operations - Appunti

Service module

• Space Segment
• Space System
• Ground Segment
• Receive and send data to S/C
• Ground Stations
• Elaborates the data
• Control Centers
• Mission Operation Centers
• Science Operation Centers
• System Design
• System Implementation
• System Management
• Service module
• Resolution of the equipment
• In-flight operations
• Concurrent Design Facility
• Every subsystem designed in parallel

Technology readiness levels

After TRL 3 it needs 2 years from one level to the other.

TRL 1 - Conceptual idea and basic principle

Eg: Flight proven system in successful operations

TRL 3 - Proof of concept - active research, development, analytical laboratory studies

TRL 4 - Breadboard - Simplified hardware

Brassboard - Medium fidelity functional units

In a simulated operational environment

Uses as much operational HW/SW as possible

Needed before launch

TRL 5 - With basic technological components

TRL 6 - Representative model or prototype tested in relevant environment

Service module + payload

It answers a specific goal

• Space Segment
• Space System
• Ground Segment
• Receive and send data to S/C
• Ground Stations
• Elaborates the data
• Control Centers
• Mission Operation Centers
• Science Operation Centers
• System Design
• System Implementation
• System Management
• Realization of the segment
• In-flight operations

Concurrent design facility

CDF = Concurrent Design Facility

Every subsystem designed in parallel

After TRL = 3 it needs 2 years from one level to the other.

TRL1 = Conceptual idea and basic principle

2 = Flight proven system in successful operations

Proof of concept = active research, development, analytical laboratory studies answers performances doesn't answer standards of space environment

3 = Simplified hardware

Breadboard

Brassboard = medium fidelity functional unit

In a simulated operational environment

Uses as much operational HW/SW as possible

TRL 5 with basic technological components

TRL 6 = representative model or prototype tested in relevant environment

Prototype and units

Prototype

Form, fit & function of flight unit

At a scale deemed to be representative of the final product operating in its operational Env.

Engineering unit

High fidelity unit that demonstrates the critical aspects of the equipment, process involved in the develop. of the operational unit.

Closely resembles (HW/SW) the final product

Qualification unit

Identical to the Flight unit but heavily tested (design & TE) either

Protoflight unit

Limited qualification tests. It will fly.

Flight unit

End product. It'll undergo acceptance level testing

TRL 7, TRL 8 and TRL 9

TRL 7 prototype demonstrated in space environment

TRL 8 Flight qualified (test and demonstration)

TRL 9 Flight proven

TRL also for software! (6th level needed)

• On board
• Ground stations
• Product release

4 = Alpha - Most functionalities implemented

5 = Beta - implementation of complete SW functionality ready for use in an operational/production context.

TRL 5/6/7 are different in ESA and ESO scale.

Unknown technologies

Can address unknown technologies

Done internally by client or guest

Define high level goal

Analyse at system level

Rough quantifiable estimations

Phase 0 or Pre-Phase A

3 months

System engineer

System engineer:

• Holistic view
• Interdependencies btw S/S
• Considers past lessons

High level objectives

Functionalities

Requirements for each

Max 1 year

Phase A

Phase A

"Make sure the project is worthwhile"

Objective

Output

Outside the agency to reach the required TRL in Phase B

Rough S/S design on statistical approach

Technical + management risk planning development

Output

Is it feasible or not?

System engineering

System engineering

Each phase has a milestone

Best design for the given objective

• Mass
• Overalls
• Budget
• Design
• Power
• Cost
• Pointing

To understand

Top - down and then bottom - up to do so

Phases also five phases for the from requirement to system solution

Postpone potential architectures and alternatives

Purpose several solutions at system level, not S/S

Confirm feasibility quantified

Settle boundaries, constraints and framework

Set the path to go for the design solution, not solve

Preliminary mission def. 1st mission design proposal mission requirements preliminary