Analysis of economic and social changes with HST introtuction focus on the Italian context

Analysis of academic year 2015/16 economic and social changes with HST introduction & focus on the Italian context

Università degli studi di Palermo

Corso di Gestione dell’Innovazione Tecnologica

Prof. Umberto La Commare

E. Liga, A. Mattaliano, C. Scimeca, R. Scimeca

Index

• Index .................................................................................................................................................................... 1
• Tables of figures ......................................................................................................................................... 2
• Executive summary ..................................................................................................................................... 4
• Chapter 1 – Historical evolution ........................................................................................................ 6
• 1.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................................................ 6
• 1.2 Trains in the age of industrial evolution ................................................................................................ 6
• 1.3 Historical events of the XX century until ‘70 ........................................................................................... 8
• 1.4 Focus on Italian context ................................................................................................................................ 10
• Chapter 2 – Technological evolution ............................................................................................ 17
• 2.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................................................... 17
• 2.2 Principal HST models ...................................................................................................................................... 18
• 2.2.1 Shinkansen ................................................................................................................................................................. 20
• 2.2.2 TGV ................................................................................................................ 21
• 2.2.3 Other variants operating in Europe ................................................................................................................... 23
• 2.3 Tilting HST ......................................................................................................................................................... 23
• 2.4 MAGLEV HST ..................................................................................................................................................... 24
• 2.4.1 Advantages over conventional Wheel-on-rail system ................................................................................................................... 26
• 2.4.2 Electromagnetic suspension EMS ................................................................................................................... 27
• 2.4.3 Electrodynamics Suspension EDS ....................................................................................................................................................... 28
• 2.4.4 Propulsion ......................................................................................................................................................... 29
• 2.4.5 Guidance ................................................................................................................ 30
• 2.4.6 Worldwide MAGLEV train projects ................................................................................................................... 30
• 2.5 Conclusions on technology ........................................................................................................................... 32
• Chapter 3 – Analysis of economic changes ................................................................................... 33
• 3.1 Analysis of investment costs ......................................................................................................................... 33
• 3.2 Economic benefits ............................................................................................................................................. 35
• 3.3 Focus on urban regions .................................................................................................................................... 38
• 3.4 The HST world market .................................................................................................................................. 41
• 3.5 The costs of corruption in Italy (and not only) ...................................................................................... 45
• Chapter 4 – Social impact and widespread .................................................................................... 48
• 4.1 Who are our customers? ................................................................................................................................. 48
• 4.2 Social benefits with HS technology introduction .................................................................................. 50
• 4.3 Focus on the social impact in Italy ............................................................................................................. 52
• 4.4 Widespread in Europe and Italy .................................................................................................................. 54
• Chapter 5 – Environmental impact ................................................................................................... 58
• 5.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................................................... 58
• 5.2 Air and noise pollution and impact on the territory ............................................................................ 59
• 5.3 The conflict in the USA Valley ................................................................................................................... 64
• Chapter 6 – Comparison between Italo and Frecciarossa .................................................... 70
• 6.1 Liberalization of European railways and trains ................................................................................... 70
• 6.2 Introduction to the general situation ...................................................................................................... 74
• 6.3 Who builds these trains? ................................................................................................................................ 75
• 6.4 Structural features ........................................................................................................................................ 76
• 6.5 Routes .................................................................................................................................................................. 78
• 6.6 Tariffs .................................................................................................................................................................. 81
• 6.7 Online services .................................................................................................................................................. 84
• 6.8 Facilities on board ........................................................................................................................................... 86
• 6.9 Customer satisfaction .................................................................................................................................... 90
• 6.10 Statistics about delay and punctuality ................................................................................................... 90
• 6.11 Comparison between refund policies ........................................................................................................ 93
• 6.12 Rome - Milan ...................................................................................................................................................... 95
• Conclusions ................................................................................................................................................ 100
• References ................................................................................................................................................... 101
• Sitography ................................................................................................................................................... 102

Tables of figures

• Figure 1 – Convoy for debris transportation ........................................................................................................................ 6
• Figure 2 ‐ Minnesota arch train stopped by the snow, Minnesota, 1881 .............................................................................................. 6
• Figure 3 ‐ Aus: R. H. Die große Welt der Eisenbahn, München, 1985, 212. ............................................................. 8
• Figure 4 – Hospital train composed by hundred door carriage ............................................................................................. 9
• Figure 5 – Modern trains’ diesel engine ............................................................................................................................... 9
• Figure 6 ‐ Chinese high speed train ..................................................................................................................................... 13
• Figure 7 – Panoramic of Europe railways ........................................................................................................................... 16
• Figure 8 – Panoramic of East Asia railways ........................................................................................................................ 16
• Figure 9 – JR East Shinkansen lineup at Niigata Depot by SAW work 2012.10" R ‐ O. ............................................................ 18
• Figure 10 – Earthquake detection along the coast ............................................................................................................ 20
• Figure 11 – "Paris ‐ TGV" ‐ O. L CC BY 3.0 C ................................................................... 21
• Figure 12 – Stadler FLIRT "K / D G ................................................................................................................ 23
• Figure 13 – Pendolino tilting train .................................................................................................................................... 23
• Figure 14 – "S L0" S H ........................................................................................................................ 24
• Figure 15 – Operating speed, construction cost and compatibility with the conventional network characteristics of the four high speed train models ..................................................................................................................................... 25
• Figure 16 – Comparison MAGLEV ‐ ‐ wheel on rail system .................................................................................................. 26
• Figure 17 – Electromagnetic suspension: (A) levitation and guidance integrated and (B) levitation and guidance separate ................................................................................................................... 27
• Figure 18 – Electrodynamic suspension (A) using permanent magnets and (B) using superconducting magnets ....................................................................................................................................................... 28
• Figure 19 – Concept of the linear motor from the rotary motor ........................................................................................ 29
• Figure 20 – Linear induction motor type (LIP) ...................................................................................................................... 29
• Figure 21 – Propulsion guidance coils used in Japanese ML^U‐002 ....................................................................................... 30
• Figure 22 – Classification of the MAGLEV train in operation ............................................................................................. 30
• Figure 23 – Classification of the MAGLEV train ready to use ............................................................................................. 31
• Figure 24 – Transrapid ....................................................................................................................................................... 31
• Figure 25 – HSST ................................................................................................................................................................ 31
• Figure 26 – Growing demand of the Italian railways .......................................................................................................... 33
• Figure 27 – Average cost of a 500 km HSR in Europe ........................................................................................................ 34
• Figure 28 – Europe space reduction with HSR .................................................................................................................... 36
• Figure 29 – Switching phenomenon of Madrid-Sevilla mode of transport ......................................................................... 38
• Figure 30 – Journey times between stations 1989‐2009 ...................................................................................................... 38
• Figure 31 – World HST railways ........................................................................................................................................ 42
• Figure 32 – High speed rail traffic in Europe ..................................................................................................................... 43
• Figure 33 – Market share ................................................................................................................................................... 44
• Figure 34 – Market shares: NTV‐Trenitalia ....................................................................................................................... 45
• Figure 35 – Capital costs of high-speed rail of the most popular lines ............................................................................. 46
• Figure 36 – Several passengers getting on the train ............................................................................................................ 49
• Figure 37 – Customer needs ............................................................................................................................................... 50
• Figure 38 – Space time shrinking with fast connections introduction .............................................................................. 50
• Figure 39 – Evaluation of time reduction with HST introduction ..................................................................................... 53
• Figure 40 – Railways extension per Europe country .......................................................................................................... 55
• Figure 41 – Km of HS railways ............................................................................................................................................ 55
• Figure 42 – Passenger transportation by traditional trains and by HST (billion passenger-km) ......................................... 56
• Figure 43 – Train passenger transportation demand in Italy (billion passenger-km) ....................................................... 56
• Figure 44 – Europe passenger transportation modal share by road .................................................................................. 57
• Figure 45 – CO² emissions by mode of transport in the EU‐27 ........................................................................................ 58
• Figure 46 ‐ Drag reduction effect of retrofittable bogie fairings for an ETR 500 train with eight mid coaches ....................................................................................................................................................... 60
• Figure 47 ‐ Sound emission limit values .............................................................................................................................. 61
• Figure 48 ‐ Acoustic barriers in urban areas ....................................................................................................................... 61
• Figure 49 – Equidistant baffle plates .................................................................................................................................. 62
• Figure 50 – Freccia Rossa ................................................................................................................................................... 63
• Figure 51 ‐ High speed train line from Susa to Turin: Italian side in red, blue in the international part ........................................................................................................................ 65
• Figure 52 ‐ Estimates of the transit of goods through the Alps for 2030 ........................................................................... 65
• Figure 53 ‐ The offer of transport planned for the North-West ........................................................................................... 66
• Figure 54 – F.A.R.E. project phases for line Turin-Lyon ..................................................................................................... 69
• Figure 55 – NTV figura shareholder ................................................................................................................................... 73
• Figure 56 – I F ..................................................................................................