Concetti Chiave
- The hostility towards Muhammad prompted his migration to Medina in 622, marking the start of the Islamic calendar.
- In Medina, Muhammad gained religious and military leadership, securing local support against Meccan adversaries.
- By 630, Muhammad returned to Mecca, transforming it into a center of Islam and expanding influence over Bedouin tribes.
- Through treaties, Muhammad's followers extended Islamic reach to central Arabia and Yemen, nearing the Byzantine Empire.
- Muhammad passed away on June 8, 632, leaving a legacy of significant religious and territorial expansion.
Islam - hostility
The hostility that hit Mohammed and his followers was such as to make life difficult for the community (formed by followers) and to induce Muhammad in September 622 (about 10 years after the revelation), to move to Medina. This event, called "Hegira" (which means migration), marked the beginning of a new era for the Arab world and corresponds to the inaugural year of the Islamic calendar.
In Medina Muhammad's preaching got the most promising results, to the point that the Medinese people recognized him as their religious leader and military, pledging to fight by his side.
With the support of the tribes of the region, Muhammad began a war of ambushes and raids against his enemies in Mecca, winning an increasing number of followers that new adherents to his religion, until in 630 (the eighth year of the migration) he could make his triumphant return to Mecca, now converted to Islam: idols were demolished and the followers of Mohammed, now masters of the holy city of the Arab world, saw their influence greatly increased on all Bedouin tribes.Over the next two years Muhammad was able to extend the horizon of Islam far beyond the borders of the small country.
After tying him with a series of treaties the tribes of the desert, his followers reached the central Arabia and Yemen, coming to the borders of the Byzantine Empire. But death caught Mohammed in June 8, 632, in the arms of Aisha, who was the favorite among his wives.
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