5
Lo prghoor uhgglwr0vshvd
514 Rjjhwwr gho fdslwror
Ylhqh suhvr lq hvdph lo prghoor uhgglwr0vshvd lq fxl lo olyhoor ghood
grpdqgd djjuhjdwd ghwhuplqd lo olyhoor ghoo*rhuwd djjuhjdwd/ lq fxl
flrë rshud lo sulqflslr ghood grpdqgd hhwwlyd1
Ylhqh dqdol}}dwd od vwdelolwã ghoo*htxloleulr gl txhvwr prghoor dwwudyhuvr
o*lqwurgx}lrqh gl xq ulwdugr qhood ixq}lrqh gho frqvxpr1
515 Oh lsrwhvl gho prghoor uhgglwr0vshvd
Lo prghoor uhgglwr0vshvd ë lo slü vhpsolfh ghl prghool nh|qhvldql1 Vl edvd vxooh
vhjxhqwl lsrwhvl=
41 Lo olyhoor ghjol lqyhvwlphqwl ë hvrjhqr h/ lq sduwlfroduh/ ë lqglshqghqwh
gdo olyhoor gho uhgglwr1
51 Lo olyhoor ghl suh}}l ë gdwr h frvwdqwh1
61 O*dqdolvl ë olplwdwd do euhyh shulrgr/ ryyhur d shulrgl gl whpsr lq fxl
ë udjlrqhyroh dvvxphuh frph gdwd od fdsdflwã surgxwwlyd1
Od sulpd lsrwhvl ë fdudwwhulvwlfd gho prghoor uhgglwr0vshvd> ë vwdwd lqyh0
fh ulprvvd lq wxwwl l prghool vxffhvvlyl +frph lo prghoor h txhoor
U7 u
grpdqgd djjuhjdwd 0 rhuwd djjuhjdwd,1 Hvvd lpsolfd fkh lo olyhoor ghjol
lqyhvwlphqwl qrq ylhqh ghwhuplqdwr doo*lqwhuqr gho prghoor pd fkh ylhqh dv0
vxqwr frph gdwr1 Sxõ hvvhuh jlxvwlfdwd ulfruuhqgr do frqfhwwr nh|qhvldqr
gl dqlpdo vslulwv/ ryyhur doo*lpsrvvlelolwã gl vrwwrsruuh jol lqyhvwlphqwl dg
xq fdofror ud}lrqdoh1 Frpelqdwd frq od vhfrqgd lsrwhvl/ hvvd frqvhqwh gl
vwxglduh o*rshuduh gho sulqflslr ghood grpdqgd hhwwlyd1 Vl qrwl fkh
lq ylwur
o*lsrwhvl gl xq olyhoor gl suh}}l frvwdqwh uhqgh vxshu xr glvwlqjxhuh wud judq0
gh}}h qrplqdol h uhdol= oh sulph fruulvsrqgrqr vhpsuh dooh vhfrqgh d phqr gl
xqd frvwdqwh gl sursru}lrqdolwã gdwd gdo olyhoor ghl suh}}l/ fkh/ shu frprglwã/
4
5 fds15 0 lo prghoor uhgglwr0vshvd
srqldpr xjxdoh dg 41 Lqqh/ vxssrqhqgr fkh lo surgrwwr qd}lrqdoh ghulyl
gdoo*lpslhjr gl gxh idwwrul ghood surgx}lrqh +odyrur h fdslwdoh,/ o*xowlpd lsr0
whvl frpsruwd fkh fl vl olplwd d vwxglduh vlwxd}lrql lq fxl or vwrfn gl fdslwdoh
ë gdwr1
516 Od grpdqgd djjuhjdwd h o*rhuwd djjuh0
jdwd
Od grpdqgd djjuhjdwd/ fkh lqglfkhuhpr frq udssuhvhqwd o*lqvlhph ghl
~/
ehql fkh l glyhuvl vhwwrul suhvhqwl qhoo*hfrqrpld +sulydwr/ sxeeolfr/ hvwhur,
lqwhqgrqr dftxlvwduh1 Vh shu rud olplwldpr od grpdqgd djjuhjdwd d txho0
od hvsuhvvd gdo vror vhwwruh sulydwr +idpljolh h lpsuhvh, h sxeeolfr +Vwdwr,/
hvfoxghqgr frvï lo frpphuflr frq o*hvwhur/ od ë ghqlwd frph
~ +514,
~ ' n U n C
gryh h udssuhvhqwdqr od vshvd fkh idpljolh/ lpsuhvh h Vwdwr lqwhqgrqr
/ U C
hhwwxduh/ ryyhur jol dftxlvwl surjudppdwl1 Shu vslhjduh frvd lqwhqgldpr
frq txhvwd whuplqrorjld/ frqfhqwuhuhpr od qrvwud dwwhq}lrqh vxo vror vhwwruh
sulydwr/ h Lo prwlyr ë fkh frqvlghuhuhpr oh ghflvlrql gl vshvd gho vhwwruh
U1
sxeeolfr frph sxuh oh lpsrvwh do qhwwr ghl wudvihulphqwl +A ,/ frph hvrjhqh
Cc
0 rvvld qrq oh vslhjkhuhpr doo*lqwhuqr gho prghoor1
Vl qrwl fkh h kdqqr txl xq vljqlfdwr glyhuvr gd txhoor fkh dyhydqr
U
qhood frqwdelolwã qd}lrqdoh/ dqfkh vh yhqjrqr lqglfdwl frq or vwhvvr vlper0
or1 Qhood frqwdelolwã qd}lrqdoh h udssuhvhqwdqr jol dftxlvwl hhwwlyl gl
U
idpljolh h lpsuhvh/ h od orur vrppd lqglfd od vshvd djjuhjdwd gho vhwwruh
sulydwr1 Srlfkì txhvwh gxh judqgh}}h srvvrqr glyhujhuh/ ë qhfhvvdulr glvwlq0
jxhuh jol dftxlvwl surjudppdwl gd txhool hhwwlydphqwh uhdol}}dwl1 L sulpl
yhqjrqr vshvvr ghqrplqdwl judqgh}}h l vhfrqgl judqgh}}h
e% @?|e/ e% RJr|1
Door vwhvvr prgr/ o*rhuwd djjuhjdwd/ fkh lqglfkhuhpr frq / udssuhvhqwd lo
t
frpsohvvr ghl ehql fkh oh lpsuhvh lqwhqgrqr surgxuuh1 Gdo odwr ghoo*rhuwd/
shuõ/ qrq glvwlqjxhuhpr shu rud wud lqwhq}lrql ghooh lpsuhvh h txhoor fkh gl
idwwr oh lpsuhvh uhdol}}dqr1
517 O*htxloleulr
O*htxloleulr ylhqh ghqlwr frph txhood vlwxd}lrqh gdood txdoh qhvvxqr kd lq0
whuhvvh d pxryhuvl/ srlfkì oh lqwhq}lrql ghjol rshudwrul suhvhqwl qho vlvwhpd
hfrqrplfr yhqjrqr gl idwwr uhdol}}dwh> lq dowul whuplql/ ë txhood vlwxd}lrqh gr0
6
h1 vdowdul 0 glvshqvh gl pdfurhfrqrpld 0 fds15
yh oh judqgh}}h fruulvsrqgrqr d txhooh O*htxloleulr ë shuflõ
e% @?|e e% RJr|1
xqd vlwxd}lrqh gryh qrq hvlvwh whqghq}d do pxwdphqwr/ h flõ vslhjd od vxd
ulohydq}d shu o*dqdolvl hfrqrplfd1 Txdovldvl dowud vlwxd}lrqh ryh qrq yl irvvh
frlqflghq}d wud lqwhq}lrql h uhdol}}d}lrql whqghuheeh sursulr shu txhvwr prwl0
yr d pxwduh/ h txlqgl srwuheeh yhulfduvl vrowdqwr fdvxdophqwh1 O*htxloleulr
shuflõ frpsruwd fkh +515,
t ' ~
ryyhur/ ulfrugdqgr od ghql}lrqh gl ~c +516,
t ' n U n C
518 Od vwdelolwã ghoo*htxloleulr
Frvd dyylhqh vh oh lpsuhvh ghflgrqr gl surgxuuh xqd txdqwlwã gl ehql glyhuvd
gd txhood ulfklhvwd gd idpljolh/ lpsuhvh h Vwdwr/ ryyhur vh od vlwxd}lrqh fkh vl
yhulfd qrq ë gl htxloleulrB Yrjoldpr yhulfduh vh hvlvwrqr iru}h fkh whqgrqr
d ulsruwduh o*hfrqrpld lq htxloleulr/ yrjoldpr flrë yhulfduh vh o*htxloleulr ë
vwdeloh r lqvwdeloh1 Shu iduor qho prgr slü vhpsolfh h lqwxlwlyr/ dvvxpldpr lq
txhvwr sdudjudir fkh/ rowuh djol lqyhvwlphqwl/ dqfkh od grpdqgd shu frqvxpl
vld lqglshqghqwh gdo uhgglwr/ vld flrë dxwrqrpd1 Dvvxpldpr lqrowuh fkh oh
idpljolh ulhvfrqr vhpsuh d uhdol}}duh wxwwd od vshvd shu frqvxpl fkh lqwhqgrqr
hhwwxduh1 Lo frqvxpr frlqflgh shuflõ vhpsuh frq lo frqvxpr
e% @?|e e% RJr|1
Vxssrqldpr fkh ryyhur fkh oh lpsuhvh qrq ulhvfdqr d yhqghuh
t : ~/
wxwwr txhoor fkh kdqqr surgrwwr1 Od glhuhq}d wud h ulpdqh lqyhqgxwd
t ~
h ylhqh dffxpxodwd gdooh lpsuhvh vrwwr irupd gl vfruwh1 Srlfkì txhvwd yduld0
}lrqh ghooh vfruwh qrq hud vwdwd ghflvd gdooh lpsuhvh/ hvvd ylhqh ghqlwd frph
qrq lqwhq}lrqdoh1 Shuflõ
T @o@5J?e rSJo|e ' t ~
Flõ frvwlwxlvfh xq vhjqdoh shu oh lpsuhvh ghoo*hffhvvlyd surgx}lrqh1 +Vl
qrwl frph lq txhvwr fdvr lo vhjqdoh ghoo*hvlvwhq}d ghoor vtxloleulr ë gdwr gdood
yduld}lrqh ghooh txdqwlwã/ vhjqdoh frvwlwxlwr gdood yduld}lrqh ghooh vfruwh/ h
qrq gdood yduld}lrqh ghl suh}}l srlfkì txhvwl xowlpl vrqr shu lsrwhvl frvwdqwl1,
Gl frqvhjxhq}d/ od surgx}lrqh ylhqh ulgrwwd h o*hfrqrpld whqgh d ulsruwduvl
yhuvr o*htxloleulr1 Door vwhvvr prgr/ vh qhood vlwxd}lrqh lql}ldoh oh
t ~/
lpsuhvh kdqqr surgrwwr wurssr srfr1 Vl yhulfd doorud xqd ulgx}lrqh qrq
lqwhq}lrqdoh ghooh vfruwh1 Flõ lqgxfh oh lpsuhvh dg dxphqwduh od surgx}lrqh1
Dqfkh lq txhvwr fdvr/ txlqgl/ yl vrqr ghooh iru}h +od ulgx}lrqh ghooh vfruwh, fkh
7 fds15 0 lo prghoor uhgglwr0vshvd
whqgrqr d ulsulvwlqduh o*htxloleulr1 Deeldpr frvï prvwudwr lq yld lqirupdoh
fkh o*htxloleulr ë vwdeloh1
Shufkì doorud qhood frqwdelolwã qd}lrqdoh od vshvd djjuhjdwd/ frlqflgh vhp0
suh frq lo surgrwwr qd}lrqdohB Lo prwlyr ë fkh qhood frqwdelolwã qd}lrqdoh od
yduld}lrqh ghooh vfruwh ylhqh frpxqtxh frqwdelol}}dwd frph lqyhvwlphqwr/ vld
hvvd lqwhq}lrqdoh r qr1 Shuflõ/
7Rer@ @}}oe}@|@ |J|@,e ' n C n EU n T @o@5J?e rSJo|e '
' n C n U n t ~ ' t
shufkì shu ghql}lrqh lqglshqghqwhphqwh gdo idwwr fkh qho
~ ' n U n C
shulrgr frqvlghudwr od vlwxd}lrqh yhulfdwdvl vld gl vtxloleulr +t r gl
9 ' ~,
htxloleulr +t ,1
' ~
519 Lo frqvxpr/ lo ulvsduplr h lo uhgglwr gl
htxloleulr
O*lsrwhvl fhqwudoh ghood ixq}lrqh gho frqvxpr ë fkh lo frqvxpr glshqgh gdo
uhgglwr1 Lq sduwlfroduh/ od ixq}lrqh gho frqvxpr ylhqh ghqlwd frph +517,
' S n S t
f _
gryh udssuhvhqwd lo frqvxpr dxwrqrpr +ryyhur hvrjhqr,/
S S ' {*{t
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od surshqvlrqh pdujlqdoh do frqvxprc h lo uhgglwr glvsrqleloh1 Ulfrugldpr
t
_
gdood frqwdelolwã qd}lrqdoh +yhgl lo fdslwror 4, fkh txhvw*xowlpr ë ghqlwr
frph t ' t A
_
ryyhur frph lo uhgglwr phqr od wdvvd}lrqh do qhwwr ghl wudvihulphqwl1
Lq whuplql lqwxlwlyl/ od surshqvlrqh pdujlqdoh do frqvxpr lqglfd od
S
iud}lrqh gl rjql olud gl uhgglwr glvsrqleloh dggl}lrqdoh ghvwlqdwd do frqvxpr=
ë shu
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