Concetti Chiave
- James I of England believed in the Divine Right of kings, asserting that monarchs received authority solely from God.
- Despite his belief in absolute monarchy, James I adhered to English laws and reduced religious conflicts, maintaining domestic peace.
- Charles I ruled with absolute power, dissolving Parliament when disagreements over taxation arose, leading to the Petition of Right in 1628.
- The Civil War began in 1642, pitting Royalists against Parliament supporters, known as "Roundheads" from the Puritan middle classes.
- Oliver Cromwell formed the New Model Army, which was well-trained and paid, leading to the defeat of Royalists and Charles I's execution in 1649.
La nascita del New Model Army
His son The result of these A member of Parliament, Oliver Cromwell, realised that they needed a better army: he gave his soldiers – united by the same strong religious zeal – proper training and, above all, a regular wage. His famous New Model Army was born, and defeated the Royalists in 1645.
La fuga della famiglia reale
The king was captured and execute in 1649, and the remander of the royal family escaped to France.
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