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Concetti Chiave

  • The origins of theatre in Britain are linked to religious celebrations, initially held in churches and later moved outside.
  • Miracle plays dramatized biblical events, performed by trade guilds on movable stage wagons called pageants, with amateur actors.
  • Medieval ballads are sung narratives with a mix of dialogue and narration, featuring themes like love, war, and supernatural events.
  • "Lord Randal" is a popular anonymous ballad about a man poisoned by his true love, featuring a dialogue between him and his mother.
  • "Canterbury Tales" by Chaucer describes a pilgrimage of thirty people, serving as an allegory for human life and society's diversity.
Medieval Literature

Origin of theatre

The origin of theatre in Britain were linked to religious celebration in fact these performances to places in the nave of church but son they moved out.
Miracle plays gave dramatic shape to the events of bible; they were staged by the members of trade guild on movable stages wagons called pageants. The actors were all amateurs.
Morality plays had characters who weren’t taken from the bible but were personification of the human vices and virtues.

The actors were member of association and they wandered around from place to place.
Interludes were a short play to entrained the nobleman; it trade to combine serious and comic elements using to main technical expedient: the disguise and vice.

Medieval ballad

Medieval ballad is a sung componement that tell dramatic story in series of rapid flashes. Popular ballad are a mixture of dialogue and narration; the narrator don’t speak in first person. Every stanza is made for four-line and usually rhyming ACBC. There are a lot of repetition and refrain; there isn’t a moral aim. The main themes are : supernatural, love, war and family tragedies; the character are supernatural or real. There are four type of ballad : Ballads of magic, border ballad, ballads of love and ballads of outlaws.

Lord Randal

Lord Randal is a popular ballad of an anonymous author. It is set to the house of Lord Randol in the afternoon when he returned form the greenwood and wanted lied down. He has been poisoned with eels fried by his true love and his hawks and his hounds died because ate his leavings. The mother asked him what leaved to his sister, to his brother and to his mother whit oral testament, while arsed his true love.

Narrative poem

Narrative poem tells story in verse and contains lot of narrative elements like a setting in time and in place, the description of characters and the narrator is in first person. It have a lay outlook of the life; it is linked with the society of the time and describe their lifestyles. It have a didattic aim.

Canterbury tales

Canterbury tales deals with thirty people of every strate of society that do a pilgrimage to visit the Canterbury abbey. It is sett in spring when there is a rebirth of nature and of human spirit. The pilgrims meet in the Tabard Inn. The host of the in suggest that every pilgrims should tell four stories, two while they going to Canterbury and 2 while they come back.
The work consist of a General Prologue and twenty-four tales. The tales are usually preceded by a prologue, which introduces the theme of the tale, and is followed by an epilogue. Canterbury is the symbol of the celestial city itself, the end of life; and the journey of the pilgrims becomes the allegory of the human life.
The power of saint is presented as restorative of the sick, so the seasonal restoration of nature parallels a supernatural kind of restoration that knows no season.
Chaucer wanted to give an images of English society but he didin’t include the aristocracy or peasants because, the first, wouldn’t have travelled with commoners instead, the peasants, couldn’t afford the trip.

Domande da interrogazione

  1. Qual è l'origine del teatro in Gran Bretagna?
  2. L'origine del teatro in Gran Bretagna è legata alle celebrazioni religiose, inizialmente svolte nelle navate delle chiese, ma successivamente spostate all'esterno.

  3. Quali sono le caratteristiche principali delle ballate medievali?
  4. Le ballate medievali sono componimenti cantati che raccontano storie drammatiche attraverso dialoghi e narrazioni, con temi come il soprannaturale, l'amore, la guerra e le tragedie familiari.

  5. Chi è il protagonista della ballata "Lord Randal" e cosa gli accade?
  6. Il protagonista è Lord Randal, che viene avvelenato dalla sua amata con anguille fritte, e i suoi falchi e cani muoiono dopo aver mangiato i suoi avanzi.

  7. Qual è lo scopo dei "Canterbury Tales" di Chaucer?
  8. Chaucer intendeva offrire un'immagine della società inglese del tempo attraverso il pellegrinaggio di trenta persone di diversi strati sociali verso l'abbazia di Canterbury.

  9. Quali sono le differenze tra i "miracle plays" e i "morality plays"?
  10. I "miracle plays" rappresentavano eventi biblici e venivano messi in scena da membri delle corporazioni su carri mobili, mentre i "morality plays" avevano personaggi che rappresentavano vizi e virtù umane e venivano eseguiti da attori itineranti.

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