Rap - Tesina per tecnico industriale informatico

Lombardo Gaetano

5H Tesina multidisciplinare – Esame di Maturità 2011/2012 – IIS Cesaris

Il rap: perché è diventato fenomeno di massa negli ultimi anni?

1

Indice

Introduzione…………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………… Pagina: 3

1 – What is hip hop?

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

…. Pagina: 3 2

1.1– The pillars of hip hop

……………………………………………………………………………………………………..

Pagina: 3

2 – I sequencer, il software che viene usato per comporre basi rap

…………………………………………. Pagina: 5

2.1– Lo strumento musicale del beat maker, il MIDI e il controller MIDI

……………………………………. Pagina: 6

3 – Il rap confrontato con la poesia

………………………………………………………………………………………….. Pagina: 8

3.1– Underground e Mainstream, due mondi paralleli nello stesso genere……………………………….. Pagina: 10

3.2- Il rap italiano, come è nato e la sua storia

…………………………………………………………………………… Pagina 11

Conclusione: Perchè il rap è diventato un fenomeno di massa?

………………………………………………… Pagina 12 3

Introduzione

I nostri padri hanno avuto i Beatles e i Rolling Stones, hanno avuto i Pink Floyd con “Another brick in the wall”, noi degli anni ’90 abbiamo avuto gli 883, i ragazzi di adesso invece hanno il genere rap. In questa tesina voglio analizzare il fenomeno del rap, da dove viene e soprattutto come viene fatto e infine voglio analizzare il perché di questo successo di un genere che per molto tempo è stato ostracizzato nel nostro paese e solo adesso viene apprezzato.

Questa tesina in conclusione vuole anche analizzare il fenomeno che riguarda la diffusione del rap solamente tramite le televisioni senza cercare di addentrarsi in un mondo interessante pieno di validi artisti e che anche nella sua manifestazione commerciale può presentare dei messaggi nascosti che quasi nessuno riesce a recepire.

1. What is Hip Hop?

Hip hop is a form of musical expression and artistic subculture that originated in African-American and Hispanic-American communities during the 1970s in New York City, specifically within the Bronx.

The term often refers to hip hop music, which consists of poetry that is spoken - rather than sung - over either original or sampled instrumental recordings mixed with new original sounds from drum machines, and/or other instruments.

However, the culture has expanded far beyond its original roots, and now is considered a worldwide subculture comprising rapping, DJing, hip hop dance, and graffiti art - known collectively as "Four Pillars of Hip Hop", someone says that the pillars are five, the fifth is the beat boxing, the art of making the instrumental with the human body (usually the mouth).

1.1 The pillars of hip hop

• DJing: Turntablism refers to the extended boundaries and techniques of normal DJing innovated by hip hop. One of the few first hip hop DJ's was Kool DJ Herc, who created hip hop through the isolation of "breaks" (the parts of albums that focused solely on the beat).
• In addition to developing Herc's techniques, DJs Grandmaster Flowers, Grandmaster Flash, Grand Wizard Theodore, and Grandmaster Caz made further innovations with the introduction of scratching.
• Traditionally, a DJ will use two turntables simultaneously. These are connected to a DJ mixer, an amplifier, speakers, and various other pieces of electronic music equipment.
• The DJ will then perform various tricks between the two albums currently in rotation using the above listed methods. The result is a unique sound created by the seemingly combined sound of two separate songs into one song.
• Although there is considerable overlap between the two roles, a DJ is not the same as a producer of a music track. In ours day a DJ is a man with double duty, one is to mix the songs to create an unique track to be played with the turntables, before a DJ have to use a vinyl record to play the music instead now a DJ can use an usb key and use the turntables only to scratch (that is a technique that permits to create particularly sounds with the vinyl record or, in the case of modern DJ set with a software that emulate the vinyl record).
• Mcing: Rapping (also known as emceeing, MCing, spitting (bars), or just rhyming) refers to "spoken or chanted rhyming lyrics with a strong rhythmic accompaniment". It can be broken down into different components, such as “content”, “flow” (rhythm and rhyme), and “delivery”.
• Rapping is distinct from spoken word poetry in that is it performed in time to the beat of the music. The use of the word "rap" to describe quick and slangy speech or repartee long predates the musical form.
• An MC (Master of Ceremony) can rap in two different ways, a freestyle that is a rapping made at the moment, it isn’t prepared and usually the DJ play a beat (that is the background music) and the MC raps about everything he wants without anything is written.
• The second way a MC can rap is a prepared text that he will record to have a track.
• Graffiti art: Usually a rapper (or a crew) choose a own tag, one method to write his name to mark a territory. Usually a crew erase the tag of another group only to make “war” and usually the gangs (a method to call a crew) search others tag to erase and make that territory under their name.

This is a tag of a Italian rapper named “Emis Killa”

• Breaking, also called B-boying or breakdancing, is a dynamic style of dance which developed as part of the hip hop culture. Breaking is one of the major elements of hip hop culture.
• Often two gangs with b-boy have a spectacular battle only to show their ability to dancing.

There is a fifth pillar that someone recognize and someone not and this is the beat boxing that is the vocal percussion of hip hop culture. It is primarily concerned with the art of creating beats, rhythms, and melodies using the human mouth.

Usually a human beat boxer is used to make freestyle rap in a live contest, in Italy one of the famous beat boxer is Rise from Blocco Records.

5