Appunti Lingua inglese livello B2

Inglese - ESP

MMP - medical personnel and places

The scientific community: complex, interconnected network of individuals and institutions dedicated to the

advancement of knowledge through systematic inquiry.

Characterized by:

◦ Shared methodological approaches

◦ Peer review processes

◦ Ethical standards

◦ Common goals of knowledge creation

◦ Collaborative nature

◦ International scope

English is the lingua franca of science (globalization):

- Public impact

- International collaboration

- Career developement

- Knowledge access

ESP is used in oral and written communication

Medical practitioners:

- doctors/physicians

- General /specialists

- Nurses

- Allied Health Professionals (AHP)

• Common medical specialities: • Types of nurses • Key figures AHP :

Hospitals (types and key departments) and Primary care (settings, personnel)

DLR - Doing a literature review

A literature review is a survey of scholarly sources on a specific topic.

It provides an overview of current knowledge, allowing you to identify relevant theories, methods, and gaps

in the existing research that you can later apply to your paper, thesis, or dissertation topic.

5 step to do it:

1. Search for rilrelevant literature (define topic, make a list of keywords, search for relevant sources)

Databases (place to search information such as articles…):

Google scholar, PubMed, Inspec, Scopus, JSTOR, Medline, EBSCO, Online Library

Types of articles:

Gold open access (published)

Green open access (last version)

Bronze open access (final version after pubblication)

2. Evaluate the sources (authority-date-reliability-audience)

3. Identify themes, debates and gaps (relations)

4. Outline the structure:

Chronological

Thematical

Methodological

Theoretical

5. Write your own:

Introduction

Body (longest) [summarise-analyse-evaluate-write] (linking words)

Conclusion (key findings)

References

RA - Reading an Article

Standard components of an article:

1. Title and abstract

2. Introduction (general/specific; inverted pyramid; present simple/perfect; literature review in past tense

and references (et al.); gaps and problems; aims)

3. Methods

4. Results

5. Discussion

6. (References)

// general structure

Editorial infos: DOI + peer-review ( 2 fellow experts this gave

reliability. It can be single or double blind process )

Reading an article (3 levels):

Survey —> grasp —> deep understanding

Critical reading vs critical thinking

Reading strategies: active reading - managing technical content - time management

Article example:

1. Title (journal website to check the reliability: impact factor, journal’s

scope; Title; authors and their contacts; ) + keywords + abstract ( concise

summary organized in: context-purpose-methods-results-conclusion. It

has to be self-contained. It Should be graphical such ad a visual

summary )

2. Results and discussion (3 subsection)

3. Conclusions

4. Methods (3 subsections)

It’s not relevant the order but the parts

Data availability - Aknowledgements - Appendix with supplementary data (Usefull

to replicate the esperiment) gave reliability

Impact factor: average number of a journal's citations in a two-year period.

Number of citations / Number of articles = Impact Factor

To be good >10 Authors:

- First

- Middle

- Last

- Corresp