Inglese
Romantic age (1800-1851)
Romanticism was a European movement started at the end of the 18th century.
Many poets and artists had started reacting against the dehumanization of the new urban industrial society; these artists were called Romantics. The term “romantic” assumed the meaning connected with feelings and imagination, and it was used to describe the expression of personal emotion. In the world of industry, the Romantics took refuge, consolation and inspiration in Nature.
The romantic writers looked inward to their soul and their imagination to find private truth; they are creators who used imagination to explore the unfamiliar and the unseen. For them, childhood was important, because they saw the child as pure and uncorrupted. Romantic poets are usually divided into two groups: 1st generation and 2nd generation. Wordsworth and Coleridge belong to the 1st generation, while Byron, Shelley and Keats belong to the 2nd generation of romantic poets.
Poetry (Romantic age)
The English romantic period was dominated by poetry. The language was affected by new ideas. Artificial poetic diction was replaced by a selection of language really spoken by men. The heroic couplet, which had been the favourite poetic form of the 18th century, gave way to a return to earlier verse forms, such as blank verse (Wordsworth, Shelley); the sonnet (Wordsworth, Keats, etc.); the Italian terza rima; the Italian ottava rima; and the folk ballad stanza (Keats, Coleridge).
Task of the poet
The artists, and the poet in particular, came to be seen as someone unique in his creative faculties, a prophet divinely inspired, enjoying the same freedom as God himself, in the sense that, in the act of creation, he was free from external rules. The poet considered poetry as an expression and a vehicle of the most profound truth of experience.
Imagination
Imagination, together with fancy and fantasy, came to mean the highest and noblest gift of the poet, who was able to modify or even re-create the world around him.
Nature
In the world of industry, the Romantics took refuge, consolation and inspiration in Nature. Romantic poetry is Nature poetry, and it conveyed a new sense of intimate communion between nature and men, two different and inseparable parts of the same universe.
Philosophical theories on the romantic conception of nature
- Platonism or Neoplatonism, which saw this world as the image of an ideal metaphysical world.
- Pantheism: according to which nature was moved by a mighty power, an immanent God, whose presence is manifest in every stone and tree.
- German idealism with three great philosophers: Fichte, Schelling and Hegel.
Wordsworth (1770-1850)
Romantic Age (1800-1851)
Romanticism was a European movement started at the end of the 18th century. Many poets and artists had started reacting against the dehumanization of new urban industrial society; these artists were called Romantics. The term “romantic” assumed the meaning connected with feelings and imagination, and it was used to describe the expression of personal emotion. In the world of industry, the Romantics took refuge, consolation and inspiration in Nature. The romantic writers looked inward to their soul and their imagination to find private truth; they are creators who used imagination to explore the unfamiliar and the unseen. For them, childhood was important, because they saw the child as pure and uncorrupted. Romantic poets are usually divided into 2 groups: 1st generation and 2nd generation. Wordsworth and Coleridge belong to the 1st generation, while Byron, Shelley and Keats belong to the 2nd generation of romantic poets.
Poetry
The English romantic period was dominated by poetry. The language was affected by new ideas. Artificial poetic diction was replaced by a selection of language really spoken by men. The heroic couplet, which had been the favourite poetic form of the 18th century, gave way to a return to earlier verse forms, such as blank verse (Wordsworth, Shelley); the sonnet (Wordsworth, Keats, etc.); the Italian terza rima, the Italian ottava rima; the folk ballad stanza (Keats, Coleridge).
Task of the poet
The artists, and the poet in particular, came to be seen as someone unique in his creative faculties, a prophet divinely inspired, enjoying the same freedom as God himself, in the sense that, in the act of creation, he was free from external rules. The poet considered poetry as an expression and a vehicle of the most profound truth of experience.
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