Concetti Chiave
- The transition from the Stone Age to a new era was marked by the rise of cities and the spread of agriculture.
- Metallurgy began around 6,000 BC in the Middle East, starting with the use of copper.
- Copper was initially used for making various objects, but its low resistance led to the creation of bronze.
- The discovery of bronze marked a new historical period, the Bronze Age, starting around 3000 BC.
- Specialization in metalworking led to the emergence of luxury crafts and the diversification of social roles.
The foundation of a new world
With the birth of these early cities organized on a structure which reveals to be complex and with the spread of agriculture there comes the lay of the Foundation for a new world: the primitive stone age was drawing to an end. This significant change occurred with the introduction of metallurgy, i.e. the ability to shape and use the metal, which probably took place in the Middle East around 6,000 BC.
The rise of metallurgy
The first metal used was copper, available with a certain ease in their natural state and easy to be shaped or melted at room temperature. With copper there were produced all kinds of objects: containers, jugs, arrowheads, axes and various types of jewelry.
Copper is however a little resistant material; Therefore, an improvement in the use of metals occurred when it was discovered that by mixing copper (i.e., using a "League" of which elements), produced a much more durable material: bronze.
The discovery of bronze was another important milestone in human history, to the point that it gave its name to a new age: this new epoch began, for the more advanced peoples, around 3000 b.c. and lasted until the bronze metallurgy with iron, which ushered in the so-called "age of iron"starting around 1200 BC.
Specialization and luxury crafts
Metal working implies the presence of specialists, such as blacksmiths, who went then to enrich and diversify the various social functions.
In addition to the creation of everyday artifacts, in addition, at this stage the gradual spread of a luxury craft, such as the processing of gold and the manufacture of jewelry.
Domande da interrogazione
- What marked the end of the primitive stone age and the beginning of a new era?
- How did the discovery of bronze impact human history?
- What role did specialization play in the development of early societies?
The end of the primitive stone age and the beginning of a new era were marked by the introduction of metallurgy, particularly the ability to shape and use metal, which began around 6,000 BC in the Middle East.
The discovery of bronze, which is a more durable material made by mixing copper with other elements, was a significant milestone that led to the Bronze Age, starting around 3000 BC and lasting until the advent of iron metallurgy around 1200 BC.
Specialization, such as the emergence of blacksmiths, enriched and diversified social functions, and alongside everyday artifacts, it led to the spread of luxury crafts like gold processing and jewelry making.
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